Rise and Fall of Chinese Dynasties Shang to Qing

Mandate of Heaven

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE POWER OF THE DYNASTY?

Chinese Dynasty Song Shang Zhou (“Joe”) Qin (“chin”) Han (Repeat) ( ------------------- 400 years of Disunity ------------------) Sui (“sway”) Tang Song Yuan ------ Mongol Ming Qing (“ching”) Republic -------- Republic of China Mao Zedong ---------People’s Republic of China / Communist China

Shang Dynasty (1600 – 1029 BCE) Oracle Bones – Priest would scratch questions onto the bones and stick a hot metal rod into the bone and when it cracked it would provide the answer

Zhou Dynasty (1029 – 771 BCE) Longest lasting Chinese Dynasty Beginning of the Mandate of Heaven cycle King ruled in accordance with the Dao (the Way)

Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 BCE) Developed a highly centralized government Founded by Qin Shi Huangdi Developed a highly centralized government Standardized across the empire currency, language, measurements, laws, ect. Under the Qin Dynasty the construction of the Great Wall of China began

Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Army Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

Shi Huangdi’s Terra Cotta Soldiers & Cavalrymen Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

Cavalry Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

Individual Soldiers Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

The Details of an Individual Soldier Note the western terminus at Jiayu Pass and the eastern terminus at Shanhai Pass.

The Great Wall with Towers How effective do you think this kind of fortification would have been in pre-modern times? How effective do you think this kind of fortification would be modern times?

Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) Many things changed under Han rule Confucianism replaced Legalism Civil Service Examinations – recruitment of scholars to work in the government Silk Road Developed to open up trade Focus on Science and Technology

Three Kingdoms Period (220-265 CE) Period of Disunity – No Centralized Govnt. The Three Kingdoms period was one of the bloodiest in Chinese history Technology advanced significantly during this period

Sui Dynasty (581-618 BCE) Short lived Dynasty The Sui dynasty's early demise was attributed to the government's tyrannical demands on the people, who bore the crushing burden of taxes and compulsory labor

Tang Dynasty (618 – 907 CE) High point of Chinese culture Rebuilt system of government Civil Service Exams back in place Confucius Education Ruled by Empress Wu Zetian

Foot-Binding in Tang China Broken toes by 3 years of age. The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family. Founded the Imperial University Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system) Soldiers dropped to lowest status. Confucianists at work; Daoists at home. The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake! Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported. Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there. Size 5 ½ shoe on the right

Foot-Binding in Tang China The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family. Founded the Imperial University Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system) Soldiers dropped to lowest status. Confucianists at work; Daoists at home. The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake! Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported. Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there. Mothers bound their daughters’ feet.

Foot-Binding in Tang China The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family. Founded the Imperial University Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system) Soldiers dropped to lowest status. Confucianists at work; Daoists at home. The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake! Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported. Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there. For upper-class girls, it became a new custom.

The Results of Foot-Binding The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family. Founded the Imperial University Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system) Soldiers dropped to lowest status. Confucianists at work; Daoists at home. The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake! Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported. Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there.

Song Dynasty (960 – 1271 CE) Large Centrally Planned Government Ruled during economic prosperity and cultural achievement Mongols overthrew the Song and created a new Mongol dynasty

Rice cultivation began under the Song Above is a picture of Suzhou in Jiangsu province showing houses along the Grand Canal. From north to south, the Grand Canal is over 1,700 kilometers (roughly 1,100 miles) long, linking Hangzhou in Zhejiang province with Beijing in the north. An extremely important water project that was first started in the Sui dynasty (589-618), it connects several big rivers and provides an important means of transportation and communication. With the two pictures below in mind, how do you think the access to rivers and lakes would have made the lifestyle of people in the south different from that of people in the north?

Song Rice Cultivation Above is a picture of Suzhou in Jiangsu province showing houses along the Grand Canal. From north to south, the Grand Canal is over 1,700 kilometers (roughly 1,100 miles) long, linking Hangzhou in Zhejiang province with Beijing in the north. An extremely important water project that was first started in the Sui dynasty (589-618), it connects several big rivers and provides an important means of transportation and communication. With the two pictures below in mind, how do you think the access to rivers and lakes would have made the lifestyle of people in the south different from that of people in the north?

Yuan (1271 – 1368 CE) Mongol invasions Began under Genghis Khan Khans grandson, Kublai Khan overthrew the Song Dynasty Ignored Chinese Traditions Set his capital at Khanbaliq (“the city of Khan”) Later became Beijing

The MONGOLS Genghis Khan’s Tax Laws: If you do not pay homage, we will take your prosperity. If you do not have prosperity, we will take your children. If you do not have children, we will take your wife. If you do not have a wife, we will take your head. The Han Synthesis term refers to the emphasis on Legalism, but with a touch of Confucianism. The Han dynasty recorded Confucius’s teachings (The Analects) and put a big emphasis on the family. Founded the Imperial University Required examinations to become bureaucrat (civil service system) Soldiers dropped to lowest status. Confucianists at work; Daoists at home. The Han tried to replace literature, including Confucius’s writings, lost during the Qin Dynasty. Created new works of literature and music. Scroll painting began during this time. Iron was now used for plows and weapons. Acupuncture was invented. Invented a crude seismic sensing tool, so they could send troops and food to the scene of an earthquake! Inventions include: paper (105 CE), sternpost rudder on ships, water mill, wheelbarrow, furrowed cultivation Show map for Silk Road trade. It brought Chinese together into one civilization, creating a common culture. Economically, it brought much wealth to the Han, as they exported much more than they imported. Wudi’s public schools taught Confucianism. Grand School in capital. In 100 years, 30,000 studied there.

The Extent of the Mongol Empire Above is a picture of Suzhou in Jiangsu province showing houses along the Grand Canal. From north to south, the Grand Canal is over 1,700 kilometers (roughly 1,100 miles) long, linking Hangzhou in Zhejiang province with Beijing in the north. An extremely important water project that was first started in the Sui dynasty (589-618), it connects several big rivers and provides an important means of transportation and communication. With the two pictures below in mind, how do you think the access to rivers and lakes would have made the lifestyle of people in the south different from that of people in the north?

Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644 CE) Erase remains of the Mongols Reinstate civil service examinations Extended the length of the Great Wall New Era of Progressive China

Qing Dynasty (1644 – 1911 CE) Last ruling Dynasty founded by the Manchu’s Dynastic Cycle weakened by European and American interventions during the early 20th Century

Each group will randomly select a Dynasty. You will get five minutes to determine what you will draw to illustrate the major contributions of your Dynasty. NO WORDS! NO SPEAKING! Your group will select another group that will have up to five minutes to guess your Dynasty. Once a group has been called on and they receive bonus they cannot be called on again. Your group AND the group you call upon will receive bonus if you are able to guess the Dynasty in the following amount of time… Less than 1 minute = 5 bonus points Between 1-2 minutes = 4 bonus points Between 2-3 minutes = 3 bonus points Between 3-4 minutes = 2 bonus points Between 4-5 minutes = 1 bonus point After 5 minutes = 0 bonus points If the group you called on is unable to guess your Dynasty after 5 minutes neither group gets bonus! Choose wisely my friends!

Questions to consider…. How did the dynasty come to power? What did the dynasty accomplish? How was daily life for the Chinese people affected by this dynasty? How was the religious life of the people affected? How and why did this dynasty come to an end?

China: From Past to Present: The Silk Road, the Great Wall, and Changes in Government United Streaming Video

Which of the Chinese Dynasties tried to erase the remains of the Mongols? Shang Qing Ming Yuan

The collapse of this Dynasty led to years of feuding between warloards Han Shang Qing Tang

What was the name of the last ruling Dynasty? Han Ming Song Qing

Which dynasty was overthrown by the Mongols? Song Qin Zhou Shang

Which dynasty used oracle bones to answer life's deepest questions? Tang Shang Qin Ming

The emperor of this Dynasty built a life-like army to protect him in the afterlife. Qin Shang Tang Song