(EIGHT SENTENCES – TWO TEXTUAL EVIDENCES) 8.2 Paragraphs (EIGHT SENTENCES – TWO TEXTUAL EVIDENCES) Structure to help students format analytical or synthesis response paragraph. Can serve as short responses, or a paragraph within larger analytical or research essay. Can be used on Short Answer Cross Over Questions

Sentence 1: Topic Sentence: this is a mini-thesis for your paragraph It should tie in to your essay main thesis if this paragraph is part of a larger essay Sentence 2: Textual Evidence #1: this is a quote or paraphrase, a direct reference to specific evidence. Embed Direct Quotation by providing context or introducing quote Example: In the beginning of the novel, Henry Fleming is described as a “youthful soldier with temporary but sublime absence of selfishness” (42) Sentence 3-4: Commentary/Analysis of Evidence: this is your discussion of the quote, connecting it to your topic sentence. Elaborate on significance of quote or idea Sentence 5 Textual Evidence #2: this is a quote or paraphrase, a direct reference to specific evidence. Sentence 6 and 7 : Commentary/Analysis of Evidence: this is your discussion of the quote, connecting it to your topic sentence. Elaborate on significance of quote or idea Sentence 8: Closing Statement: Close up your discussion on this topic and begin transition to next paragraph, if relevant. Basic Format

Due to the rising popularity of designer pets, some geneticists have begun to speculate on the possibility of more eccentric options in the field of companion animals. Dynamic Genetics, the leader in the designer pet market feels that “some of our clients have more discerning tastes, and the introduction or reintroduction of various species could have both mainstream and scientific value” (Larson 78). Their argument is that bringing back species such as the dodo-bird could create new avenues in scientific research. DG has also speculated that the personalization of pets might create more responsible pet owners, a claim many feel is dubious at best. Anna Objektor, a representative of PETA, extends this argument when she askes, “Why should we think that someone who can’t take care of a dog can take care of something the world hasn’t seen in hundreds or millions of years?”(Miller 89). She and others like her feel that pet-engineering only increases the risk that animals will be abandoned. These animals may, after all, be subject to an environment their species is not biologically equipped to handle. Despite the initial novelty of using genetic engineering to create designer pets, the irresponsible use of genetic research will have lasting repercussions for both pet owners and scientists in various fields. Sentence 1: Topic Sentence Sentence 2: Textual Evidence #1 Sentence 3-4: Commentary/ Analysis of Evidence #1 Sentence 5: Textual Evidence #2 Sentence 6-7: Commentary/ Analysis of Evidence #2 Sentence 8: Closing Statement

Stephen Crane displays his negative image of war through his character development. In the beginning of the novel, Henry Fleming is described as a “youthful soldier with temporary but sublime absence of selfishness” (42). In this characterization, the author is focusing on the malice of young soldiers. Fleming, although youthful, already has a taint of traits that helps the writer promote his negative view of war. Furthermore, Crane later describes Jim as “a curious and profound dignity in the firm lines of his awful face” (112). Through Jim, the reader can further see the disgust found in soldiers and war. Once again, the author is focusing on the negative traits of a character to convey his true opinion on the Civil War. It is clear, therefore, that Crane uses characterization to portray his negative opinion of war, an opinion further crystalized with his word choice.