Birth of the PRC Order-Chaos Fulfilled? New Ideology Mao Dynasty? Nationalism legitimizes the Communists October 1, 1949

CPC Ideology Karl MarxKarl Marx and Friedrich Engels Karl Marx The Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto 1848 The Communist Manifesto Basics: Capitalism is exploitationBasics: Capitalism is exploitation Rich exploit poorRich exploit poor Government enforces exploitationGovernment enforces exploitation Worker’s revolutionWorker’s revolution Communism phase begins:Communism phase begins: –End private property; –create collective ownership

Mao Zedong Thought Vanguard Peasant revolution The Mass Line –Campaigns Revolutionary Struggle

To Study Chinese Government 1.Government Structure 2.Party Structure 3.Leadership and Decision Making Report on Chinese Political System Report on Chinese Political System (US Congress)

Key Points 1.Dual Structure: Government and PartyXi Jinping President of ChinaGeneral Secretary of CPC

Key Points 2. Informality, Factionalism, Personal Rivalries 1980s Factional Struggle Zhao Ziyang Li Peng

Government Structure Formal Government: ConstitutionConstitution Standing Comm. The Cabinet ; Headed by Premier; State CouncilCenterPremier State Council Controls Ministries, Commissions,Ministries Institutions, Working Organs Standing Comm. of NPC National People’s Congress smaller committees Province small committees large committees smaller committees County small committees large committees smaller committees City small committees large committees smaller committees small committees Work Unit large committees

Communist Party Communist Party Structure Formal CPC Structure: Constitution of CPCStructureConstitution of CPC General Secretary General Secretary Politburo Standing Comm. (7-9 members) Politburo Standing Comm of the CCP ; Party Secretariat Politburo Central Military Commission Central Military Commission Central Committee Central Committee Central CommitteePLAPLA Departments National Party Congress National Party Congress smaller committees Province small committees large committees smaller committees County small committees large committees smaller committees City small committees large committees smaller committees small committees Work Unit large committees

15 th Party Congress rd Generation General Secretary Jiang Zemin (President) 2.Li Peng (Chair NPC) 3.Zhu Rongji (Premier) 4.Li Ruihuan 5.Hu Jintao, 6.Wei Jianxing 7.Li Langing

4 th Generation PSC th Generation 16 th Party Congress General Secretary Hu Jintao (President) 2.Wu Bangguo (Chair NPC) 3.Wen Jiabao (Premier) 4.Jia Qinglin 5.Zeng Qinghong 6.Huang Ju 7.Wu Guanzheng 8.Li Changchun 9.Luo Gan 4 th Generation 17 th Party Congress Hu JintaoHu Jintao 2.Wu BangguoWu Bangguo 3.Wen JiabaoWen Jiabao 4.Jia QinglinJia Qinglin 5.Li ChangchunLi Changchun 6.Xi JinpingXi Jinping 7.Li KeqiangLi Keqiang 8.He GuoqiangHe Guoqiang 9.Zhou YongkangZhou Yongkang

4 th Generation to 5 th Generation 4 th Generation 17 th Party Congress 17 th Party Congress Hu JintaoHu Jintao 2.Wu BangguoWu Bangguo 3.Wen JiabaoWen Jiabao 4.Jia QinglinJia Qinglin 5.Li ChangchunLi Changchun 6.Xi JinpingXi Jinping 7.Li KeqiangLi Keqiang 8.He GuoqiangHe Guoqiang 9.Zhou YongkangZhou Yongkang 5 th Generation 18 th Party Congress 18 th Party Congress Xi JinpingXi Jinping 2.Li KeqiangLi Keqiang 3.Zhang DejiangZhang Dejiang 4.Yu ZhengshengYu Zhengsheng 5.Liu YunshanLiu Yunshan 6.Wang QishanWang Qishan 7.Zhang GaoliZhang Gaoli

5th Generation Leadership 18 th Party Congress StructureStructure: Leaders 1.Xi Jinping (President)Xi Jinping 2.Li Keqiang (Premier)Li Keqiang 3.Zhang Dejiang (Chair, NPC)Zhang Dejiang 4.Yu ZhengshengYu Zhengsheng 5.Liu YunshanLiu Yunshan 6.Wang QishanWang Qishan 7.Zhang Gaoli (Vice Premier)Zhang Gaoli

Other Aspects of Government and Party Judiciary (Supreme People’s Court)(Supreme People’s Court) Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)(CPPCC) Ministry of State Security –intelligence Ministry of Public Security –police

Factional Political Debates Mao Era: The pace of revolution Reform Era: The pace of reform Always: Personalities and Loyalties

Factional Political Conflict Mao Era: First Among Equals –hazardous to your health Marshal Peng DehuaiPrisoner Peng Dehuai

Factional Political Conflict Reform Era: –Debate: Intra-Party Democracy, –Decision: Democratic Centralism –Tiananmen Square: Factional Battle 1989 Zhao Ziyang – Out Jiang Zemin - In

Decision Making Party, Government, Factionalism How are Decisions Made? Guidance: Leading Small Groups