U.S. History Mr. Weber Thursday November 13, 2008

Activator What would you do to fight back if your civil liberties were being taken away? What do you think makes an organization of people fighting for a cause successful?

Agenda Activator, agenda, and objective (10 minutes) Finish the comprehension check Social Justice Organizations notes (20 minutes) Beginning the research process (30-45 minutes) Exit Ticket (5 minutes)

Objective All students will… Examine the ways in which people responded to attacks on civil liberties through researching: Marcus Garvey’s Back to Africa Movement, the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), and the Anti-Defamation League.

Comprehension Check Write at least one page explaining “nativism” in the U.S. during the 1920s. Use the quote from the Klansmen Manual on the board as well as your notes from Thursday and today Analyze the events, interests, and philosophies that led to attacks on civil liberties, including… – Actions of the KKK – Immigration quotas – Palmer Raids

Anti-Defamation League The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) is an interest group founded in 1913 by B'nai B'rith in the United States whose stated aim is: “… To stop, by appeals to reason and conscience and, if necessary, by appeals to law, the defamation of the Jewish people. Its ultimate purpose is to secure justice and fair treatment to all citizens alike and to put an end forever to unjust and unfair discrimination against and ridicule of any sect or body of citizens.” In October 2008, the ADL reportedly assisted the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) by providing, on request, information on Daniel Cowart and Paul Schlesselman (as well as their associates and contacts) and on their ties to the Supreme White Alliance. Shortly thereafter, the two men were arrested on charges of plotting to murder dozens of African Americans and plotting to assassinate presidential candidate Barack Obama.

American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) ACLU's stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States.” It works through litigation, legislation, and community education. The ACLU was formed to protect aliens threatened with deportation, along with U.S. nationals threatened with criminal charges by U.S. Attorney General Alexander Mitchell Palmer for their communist or socialist activities and agendas. It also opposed attacks on the rights of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) and other labor unions to meet and organize.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, usually abbreviated as NAACP, is one of the oldest and most influential civil rights organizations in the United States. Its mission is: “… To ensure the political, educational, social, and economic equality of rights of all persons and to eliminate racial hatred and racial discrimination.” Its name, retained in accord with tradition, is one of the last surviving uses of the term "colored people.”

THE BACK TO AFRICA MOVEMENT Marcus Garvey (Jamaican born immigrant) established the Universal Negro Improvement Association Believed in Black pride Advocated racial segregation b/c of Black superiority Garvey believed Blacks should return to Africa He purchased a ship to start the Black Star line Attracted many investments: gov't charged him with w/fraud He was found guilty and eventually deported to Jamaica, but his organization continued to exist

Social Justice Research Papers Instructions: Write a 5 page (1000 words) research paper on one of the following organizations: – American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) – National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) – Marcus Garvey’s Back to Africa Movement – The Anti-Defamation League You must answer the following questions: A) Why was the organization founded? What were the problems the organization was trying to overcome? This section provides the historical context. B) When was the organization founded? Who formed the organization? What kinds of people became involved? C) What specific things did it do to fight racism and prejudice early on? D) What made it ultimately successful and allowed it to continue to this day? E) What can we learn from this organization about community organizing and movements of people for social justice?

Independent Research Using the textbook and Zinn People’s History book begin the research process. Use the index to find all the pages which discuss your organization. Take notes and pull quotes for the paper. Strong papers use well chosen quotes and then analyze them. You may work alone or in pairs.

Exit Ticket This weekend you will need to go to the library and get at least three books. What day do you have time to do this? How will you get there? How long do you think it will take?