1

2 Feeding Relationships

3 Energy Flow

4 Chemical Cycles

5 Human Activities

6 Conservation

7 Ecology

8 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1000

9 Organisms that convert light energy into chemical energy

10 Producers

11 Organisms that obtain energy by feeding on producers or other consumers, and another that feeds on waste and dead organisms.

12 Consumers and Decomposers

13 Three categories of consumers

14 Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores.

15 Also referred to as a feeding level

16 Trophic level

17 Interconnected and branching food chains

18 Food Web

19 Organic material stored by producers

20 Biomass

21 The rate at which producers build biomass

22 Primary Productivity

23 The % average of available energy at a trophic level

24 10% (“The Rule of 10”) 10% (“The Rule of 10”)

25 Three types of pyramid-diagrams used by ecologists

26 Energy, Biomass, and Numbers.

27 The number of kilocalories available at the T3 level if there is 10,000 kcals at T1

kcal

29 Energy travels through the ecosystems linearly, nutrients take this type of path.

30 Cyclical

31 In which chemical cycle is oxygen and organic compounds released through photosynthesis

32 Carbon and Oxygen Cycle

33 Bacteria convert nitrogen gas into ammonia through this process

34 Nitrogen Fixation

35 When water exits plants by evaporation

36 Transpiration

37 Soil bacteria convert ammonium to nitrates

38 Nitrification

39 The carbon cycle is affected by burning fossil fuels and

40 Deforestation

41 When the sun’s heat is trapped by CO2 in the atmosphere

42 Greenhouse effect

43 An overall rise in the Earth’s temperature

44 Global Warming

45 High levels of nitrogen in the water cause this condition

46 Eutrophication

47 Along with water vapor these two compounds cause acid rain

48 Sulfur and nitrogen

49 The number of species in an ecosystem

50 Biodiversity

51

52 A non-native species that competes against native species for resources

53 Introduced Species

54 Developing natural resources so that they can renew themselves and be available in the future

55 Sustainable Development

56 A form of Overexploitation caused by economic reasons

57 Poaching

58

59 Name three threats to Biodiversity

60 1. Habitat Destruction 2. Introduced Species 3. Pollution 4. Population Growth 5. Overexploitation (HIPPO)

61 Pollutants become more concentrated from one trophic level to the next

62 Biological Magnification

63 Substances that have a negative effect on the environment cause this

64 Pollution

65 Absorbs ultraviolet light and shields organisms from the suns damaging effects

66 Ozone Layer

67 A major contributor to the destruction of the ozone layer

68 CFC’s (Chlorofluorocarbons)

69 Through biological magnification this chemical weakens the shells of bird’s eggs

70 DDT

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