Photo: David Brazier/IWMI Photo :Tom van Cakenberghe/IWMI Water for a food-secure world Upali Amarasinghe IWMI, Hyderabad MASSCOTE for canal irrigation

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE MApping System and Services for Canal Operation Techniques  Mapping operations and services  Planning for modernization

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE What does it do? A procedure for –Auditing performance of irrigation management –Analyzing and evaluating and irrigation system to develop a modernization plan. Modernization plan introduce –physical, institutional, and managerial interventions with a view on service oriented management

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE approach 1. Rapid Appraisal 2. Capacity and sensitivity 3. Perturbations 4. Water Accounting 5. Cost of operation 10. Integrating SOM 9. Operations improvements 8. Demand for operation 7. Management units 6. Services to users 11. Modernization, M & E plan Drivers of success/ Benchmarking Adequacy/ timeliness/ Reliability Operational/ Maintenance SLO’s demand Drivers for success Operational/ Rehab plans Reforms, training

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE for Upper Ganga Canal System Main canal 290 km long Main, branch, distributary and minors length 6580 km Gross command area 900,000 ha Irrigated area – 425,000 ha Rabi, 451,000 ha Kharif Largest perennial and oldest irrigation system in India Original head design discharge is 6750 cusec (192/m3/s) Present head design discharge 10,500 cusec (300 m3/s)

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE for Upper Ganga Canal System MASSCOTE Component Indicator/ObservationsComments External indicators Land productivity – 1500 USD/ha High (due to sugar cane) Water productivity USD/m3 Low (no reference to CWU or irrigation withdrawals) Internal indicators Services main to secondary canal good (2.3/4 scale) Services deteriorate along the secondary to tertiary canals Many illegal outlets, over withdrawals, High variability in water profile No level control Some minor irrigate only 50% area Measurements only at head of the distributary, some are poorly located and calibrated Services to farm level is bad ( / 4 ) High inequality Urbanization impacts,2 minors abandoned to supply water for Delhi and Agra

Water for a food-secure world Service to farmers IndicatorRank (0-4) Actual Water Delivery Service to Individual Ownership Units (e.g., field or farm) 1.5 Measurement of volumes0 Flexibility2 Reliability2 Apparent equity1 Main canal operations ObservedStated (manage rs) Actual water delivery from main canal to sec canal Flexibility1.51 Reliability23 Equity33 Control of flow rates 2.54

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE for Upper Ganga Canal System MASSCOTE Component Indicator/observationsValue/Comments RAPMultiple uses of waterHydropower, domestic, livestock Water supply is abundant Low evaporation 9752 MM3 (3737 MCM form rainfall, 5835 from irrigation) 2700 MCM (28% of the total) Low O & M budgetINR 929 /ha Low agriculture revenue Relatively higher total revenue INR 300/ha INR 1574/ha (bulk is from domestic water supply)

Water for a food-secure world MASSCOTE Recommendations for Upper Ganga Canal System MASSCOTE Component Indicator/observationsValue/Comments Recommendation Assessment of seepage, lining and groundwater Mapping groundwater recharge Assess proportional structures along distributaries and minors Increase participation of farmers in management and control illegal outlets

Water for a food-secure world Thank you Upali Amarasinghe IWMI, Hyderabad Office