1. Photo: David Brazier/IWMI www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Barbara van Koppen IWMI “Water flows towards Money and power” Equity in access to water resources Priority General Authorisations and Water Allocation Reform in South Africa

2. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Vision: protecting and expanding HDIs’ Schedule 1 and “5-10x” Schedule 1 water uses for jobs, poverty alleviation & rural development

3. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Priority 3: The third highest priority is accorded to the allocation of water for poverty eradication, the improvement of livelihoods of the poor and the marginalized, and uses that will contribute to greater racial and gender equity. : The national target is 30% water in the hands of South African black and women citizens

4. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world So what? Do we now get water from the haves, especially in stressed basins? Can we now get a loan? Can we sell?

5. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Licensing discriminates ! 70-90% of water resources used by 10% of the largest registered users Current licensing processes are often costly, very lengthy, bureaucratic and inaccessible to many South Africans The passage of a law that commits us as government to perform tasks that we do not have the resources to undertake is time wasting of the worst kind (Asmal 1997) ~ 25 ha

6. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Are GAs just an ‘administrative rest-category’ (Hodgson 2004)? Enforcement? Loans? Sale? So: Link to priority in NWRS2 Inform and empower people Mobilize banks Use it or lose it Monitor uptake and impact General Authorisations (GA) may be gazetted for specific catchments for the allocation of water resources to black and women users. This will facilitate the uptake of water by these designated groups to ensure the set race and gender targets.

7. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Conclusion: pro-poor licensing: Regulate the few large-scale users Support the majority of small-scale users

8. www.iwmi.org Water for a food-secure world Thank you