 No ample opportunity to practice  Error consistency and anticipation  Translation possible  Common cultural background  Possible to give instructions in native language  Motivation difficult

 Relax rules for use of native language.  Learn the language of the students.  Meet locals who can help you.  Read and learn about culture of the students.  Respect culture of students  Give opportunities to speak outside of class.  Assign homework and projects.  Use video and audio.  Use a variety of reading materials.  Let students record your class.  Set up a self access center.

 How are students taught in the culture?  How do students respect the teacher?  How do students study in the culture?  What is good classroom behavior in the culture?  How are students normally assessed?  What general knowledge do students have?

 Do not answer students’ questions unless asked in target language  A chart where students can earn points for speaking target language  Sunflower center on a board where petals are added when the class tries to speak only target language  Reward cards for using target language  Offer food for classes where target language is used.  Use humor: Hmmm! Is this an English class?  Use games that create competition to speak target language.  Establish rules that are written on the board.  Mix it up.  Have fun.  Keep activities moving quickly.  Let students do most of the talking.

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