1. Explain how a zygote is formed During fertilization, the gametes –sperm and egg - unite to form a zygote 2. Compare the genetic content of the zygote to that of a body cell of the parents The zygote has the same chromosome number as a body cell of the parents. Half of the zygotes chromosomes come from each parent. 3. Identify one development process involved in the change from a zygote into an embryo Mitosis OR Differentiation OR cell division OR cleavage 4 Identify the structure in which fetal development usually occurs Uterus

32) A human is a complex organism that develops from a zygote 32) A human is a complex organism that develops from a zygote. Briefly explain some of the steps in this developmental process. In your answer, be sure to:   (1) explain how a zygote is formed The zygote is formed when the male’s sperm joins the female’s egg. This process is called fertilization (2) compare the genetic content of the zygote to that of a body cell of the parents Fertilization results in a cell with the same amount of genetic information as any body cell from the parents. However, the zygote is not genetically identical to a body cell of either parent. Half of the zygote’s chromosomes come from each parent. (3) identify one developmental process involved in the change from a zygote into an embryo The zygote will develop into an embryo by the processes of mitosis, cleavage, and differentiation. (4) identify the structure in which fetal development usually occurs Most fetal development occurs in the uterus. (5) identify two factors that can affect fetal development and explain how each factor affects fetal development Many factors affect development. If the genetic information is incomplete or faulty, the embryo may not develop correctly or may die. The environment is also very important. X rays can cause mutations and alcohol can result in brain damage.

33) Using one specific example, identify one action taken by a mother that could have a negative effect on the embryonic development of her baby. — Alcohol can affect development of the brain. — Smoking can result in premature births/low birth weight. — Crack can cause the placenta to separate prematurely resulting in brain damage or death. — Malnutrition in the mother can result in low birth weight. 34) The production of a normal baby also involves protecting the developing embryo from harmful environmental factors. Using one or more complete sentences, explain three ways in which a pregnant woman could avoid exposing the developing embryo to environmental risks. — Good nutrition by the mother favors healthy development. __ Avoiding smoking, drugs and alcohol __ Exercise

33) Using one specific example, identify one action taken by a mother that could have a negative effect on the embryonic development of her baby. Alcohol can affect development of the brain. OR Smoking can result in premature births/low birth weight. Crack can cause the placenta to separate prematurely resulting in brain damage or death. Malnutrition in the mother can result in low birth weight 34) The production of a normal baby also involves protecting the developing embryo from harmful environmental factors. Using one or more complete sentences, explain three ways in which a pregnant woman could avoid exposing the developing embryo to environmental risks. Good nutrition by the mother favors healthy development. X rays can cause mutations and alcohol can result in brain damage Avoid smoking, drugs, and alcohol. Having a proper diet