WOMEN’S RIGHTS Top Ten List

19 th Amendment  Gave women the right to vote  Ratified in 1920  Declares: “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.” * info retrieved here on here

Suffrage Leaders & Organizations  NAWSA (National American Women’s Suffrage Association)  Non-threatening Tactics Susan B Anthony Carrie Chapman Catt  NWP (National Women’s Party)  Militant Tactics Alice Paul Lucy Burns  Info retrieved here on here

Abortion  Roe vs. Wade  1973 Supreme court case giving women the right to have an abortion.  Anti-Abortion Backlash  1980’s  Abortion clinics bombed  Continuing Crisis  Pro Choice vs. Pro Life

Birth Control  Many women died from botched and self- induced abortions  Margaret Sanger  Coined the phrase “birth control”  Established the American Birth Control League in 1942  1965: the last state law prohibiting contraceptives is abolished by the US Supreme Court.  (one year after Sanger’s death in 1964)

Women in the Military  Rosie the Riveter in WWII  Symbol of women workers in the war effort  Without military benefits, women performed the same tasks as men (except flying in combat)  WAC (Women’s Army Corps)  WASP (Women’s Auxiliary Service Pilots)  WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service  Racial discrimination continued

Women in the Workforce  Rising divorce rates caused women to be considered heads of households  Women were left to raise children on low incomes by themselves  The Feminine Mystique  Written by Betty Friedman Fired from her newspaper job after requesting a second maternity leave  Talks about women needing an identity “outside the home and marriage” (Ching, p. 80).  “64 cents to the man’s dollar” (Ching, P. 106)  The wage gap between men and women in 1986…AND 1955!

Gay & Lesbian Rights  Lesbians felt especially secluded, even from women’s groups.  Seemed to find a place with radical feminists  Stonewall Rebellion of 1969  Beginning of the “modern gay and lesbian liberation movement” (Ching, p, 104).  A riot took place when police threw mostly gay men out of a bar while looking for law violators.  GLAAD (Gay and Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation)  1985  Created to educate and end violence and discrimination against gays and lesbians.  5 times the number of protesters marched in Washington, D.C. in 1979 than in 1987 (500,000).

NOW (National Organization for Women)  Established in 1966  Largest organization of feminist activists in the US  Works to eliminate sexism and end all oppression  Priority issues include:  Constitutional equality amendment  Reproductive rights  Violence against women  Lesbian Rights 

Violence Against Women  Murder  In 2005, just less than 2,000 women were killed by an intimate partner.  Domestic Violence  4.8 million physical assaults and rapes against women every year.  Sexual Violence  In 2006, the number of women in the U.S. who were raped or sexually assaulted reached 232,960. (According to the National Crime Victimization Survey).  Who is Targeted?  Young women  Low income women  Minorities  Info retrieved herehere