Chemical vs. Physical Properties

Review Physical vs. Chemical Changes

Chemical Property: Physical Property: Describes reactions What a chemical will react with When a chemical will react How a chemical reacts Physical Property: Describes physical changes Temperatures phase changes occur What it will dissolve in If it will bend or crumble when hit (malleable or brittle) Describes static characteristics Color Smell density

Water’s Properties Physical Properties of Water: Boils at 100 degrees C Freezes at 0 degrees C Transparent and clear Odorless Density of 1 g/mL Chemical Properties of Water: Unreactive with water Reacts when electrocuted to form gasses

On your group’s white-board/paper, list the Chemical Properties of iron in one column. List the Physical Properties of iron in a different column. Example Scenario: Iron is a relatively soft, shiny, gray, solid at room temperature.

Example Scenario: Iron is a relatively soft, shiny, gray, solid at room temperature. It conducts electricity, is magnetic, and has a density of 7.9 g/ml at room temperature. As a solid, it will not dissolve in any liquid. However, It melts at 28000F, and will mix with melted carbon to form a mixture called steal. Similar alloys can be made my mixing melted iron with melted nickel, chromium, or manganese. Iron typically reacts slowly with oxygen or water to form rust, a flaky solid. It also bonds to oxygen in our blood, giving our blood that red color, and speeds up reactions in our cells.

On your group’s white-board/paper, do the same thing with sugar! Sugar has a density of 1.6 g/mL. It would melt at 367 degrees Fahrenheit, if it didn’t react first with the oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water, and releasing a lot of heat. Sugar also reacts with potassium nitrate to form home-made rocket fuel, and sulfuric acid can separate the carbon atoms from the hydrogen and oxygen atoms in sugar, causing a “dehydration reaction”.

Measurements Characteristic Units equipment Mass Length or Height Volume Time Temperature pH

Characteristic Units equipment Mass Grams (g) Balance or Scale Length or Height Volume Time Temperature pH

Characteristic Units equipment Mass Grams (g) Balance or Scale Length or Height Meters (m) Ruler, Meter Stick Volume Time Temperature pH

Characteristic Units equipment Mass Grams (g) Balance or Scale Length or Height Meters (m) Ruler, Meter Stick Volume Liters (L) Centimeters cubed (cm3 ) Graduated Cylinder Ruler & Calculate Time Temperature pH

Characteristic Units equipment Mass Grams (g) Balance or Scale Length or Height Meters (m) Ruler, Meter Stick Volume Liters (L) Centimeters cubed (cm3 ) Graduated Cylinder Ruler & Calculate Time Seconds (s) Stop-watch Temperature pH

Characteristic Units equipment Mass Grams (g) Balance or Scale Length or Height Meters (m) Ruler, Meter Stick Volume Liters (L) Centimeters cubed (cm3 ) Graduated Cylinder Ruler & Calculate Time Seconds (s) Stop-watch Temperature Degrees (0F or 0C) Thermometer pH

Characteristic Units equipment Mass Grams (g) Balance or Scale Length or Height Meters (m) Ruler, Meter Stick Volume Liters (L) Centimeters cubed (cm3 ) Graduated Cylinder Ruler & Calculate Time Seconds (s) Stop-watch Temperature Degrees (0F or 0C) Thermometer pH none Litmus paper

Density is a physical property. formula Density = units equipment

How to determine density: Measure volume with graduated cylinder Or Measure lengths with ruler and calculate And Measure mass with a balance. Then Divide: Mass / Volume = Density