Lipids

Nutrition: Lipids Fats: are the most concentrated of the energy- producing nutrients Animal fats: from eggs, dairy products, and meats high in saturated fats and cholesterol Vegetable fats: from avocados, olives, some nuts, and certain vegetable oil rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat.

Lipids Excess food is stored as fat in animals. It is found in tissues and as butterfat in milk and other dairy products. Recall Carbohydrates, to answer the following: To break down the fat molecule to use it for energy or building blocks, we would add ….., in the process called... Water…….Hydrolysis.

Lipid Functions stored in the body cushions vital organs protects us from extreme cold builds cell membranes helps the body absorb some vitamins

Macromolecules: Lipids Lipids are macromolecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (C,H,O). The ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is much greater than 2:1. (Waaaay more H’s) Lipids are made of fatty acids attached to alcohol.

Lipids: Triglycerides Useful for long-term storage of energy; warmth; organ protection (cushion) What reaction took place?

Lipids Types: Fats (Triglycerides) Phospholipids Cholesterol Steroids

Lipids: Fat Composed of fatty acids and glycerol

Dehydration Synthesis of Fat Prentice Hall, Biology

Lipids: Saturated versus Unsaturated Fats Too much fat = bad (heart disease) Unsaturated better than saturated Also called trans fat

Lipids: Phospholipids Cell membranes, remember?

Lipids: Cholesterol Cholesterol is a large lipid molecule located in the cell membranes of animals (helps to make it not so fluid). In excess, it can form deposits and clog up the inner walls of blood vessels

Lipids: Steroids Many animal hormones are steroids E.g., testosterone