Unit II: Citizenship Part 1: What is an American Citizen

What is a Citizen? A member of a community who owes loyalty to a government and is entitled to protection from it. A member of a community who owes loyalty to a government and is entitled to protection from it.

What does citizenship entail? The rights and duties of members of a state. The rights and duties of members of a state.

Duty Something we have to do Something we have to do

Responsibility Something we ought to do Something we ought to do

Right Something a person is entitled to Something a person is entitled to

The New Colossus The New Colossus

Immigrant A person who moves permanently to another country A person who moves permanently to another country

Immigration The introduction of new people into a population The introduction of new people into a population

Reasons for Immigration Religious Religious Political Political Wealth Wealth Forced Forced Opportunity Opportunity

Religious To be able to practice their religious beliefs without fear of persecution To be able to practice their religious beliefs without fear of persecution

Opportunity It was an opportunity for a new life for many, greater freedoms and ….. It was an opportunity for a new life for many, greater freedoms and …..

Wealth In search of precious metals, cash crops and land In search of precious metals, cash crops and land

Political To escape the injustices of despotism (authoritarian governments) To escape the injustices of despotism (authoritarian governments)

Forced Millions of Africans were forced to migrate as a cheap source of labor (slavery) Millions of Africans were forced to migrate as a cheap source of labor (slavery)

Immigration to America

Impact of Immigration

Who are the citizens of the United States? E Pluribus unum – Out of many, one E Pluribus unum – Out of many, one

Diversity The different ethnic, religious and cultural traditions that make up the American population. The different ethnic, religious and cultural traditions that make up the American population.

The Great American Melting Pot People of different cultures blended together to make one American culture People of different cultures blended together to make one American culture

The American “Tossed Salad” America is made up of many different cultures that remain distinct but contribute to American diversity. America is made up of many different cultures that remain distinct but contribute to American diversity.

How does one become and American Citizen? 1. Native Born Born on American soil Born on American soil If one parent is an American If one parent is an American

The 14 th Amendment Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. privileges or immunities

How does one become an American Citizen How does one become an American Citizen 2 Through the Naturalization Process – the steps that someone who is not a citizen takes to become one 2 Through the Naturalization Process – the steps that someone who is not a citizen takes to become one USCIS – United States Citizenship and Immigration Services USCIS – United States Citizenship and Immigration Services

The Naturalization Process The Naturalization Process Sign Declaration of Intent Document saying want to become US citizen filed with USCIS Live in US Live in US 5 years (3 if married to US citizen or in military) Interview with USCIS Makes sure requirements have been met Examination Test on reading, writing and speaking English. Also history and government of US Oath of Allegiance Swears loyalty to US above all others

Jaywalking

Losing Citizenship Denaturalization – lying during the naturalization process Denaturalization – lying during the naturalization process Expatriation – giving up ones citizenship by becoming citizen of another country Expatriation – giving up ones citizenship by becoming citizen of another country Punishment for a Crime – federal crimes that involve extreme disloyalty (i.e. Treason) Punishment for a Crime – federal crimes that involve extreme disloyalty (i.e. Treason)

What is an alien? A non-citizen A non-citizen

Legal Aliens Resident Legal Aliens = someone from a foreign who has established permanent residence in US Resident Legal Aliens = someone from a foreign who has established permanent residence in US

Legal Aliens Nonresident Legal Aliens = someone from a foreign country who expects to stay in the US for a specified period of time Nonresident Legal Aliens = someone from a foreign country who expects to stay in the US for a specified period of time

Illegal Aliens Someone from a foreign country who does not have permission to be here Someone from a foreign country who does not have permission to be here

Immigration Attitudes Today

Immigration Attitudes Historically

Immigration Act of 1990

Emphasis on people with particular skills, talents, or money to invest. Emphasis on people with particular skills, talents, or money to invest.

What is the difference between the rights of legal aliens and US citizens? Legal Aliens: Legal Aliens: Hold jobs Hold jobs Own property Own property Attend public schools Attend public schools Receive gov. services Receive gov. services Pay taxes Pay taxes Given protection Given protection Legal Aliens cannot: Legal Aliens cannot: Vote in elections Vote in elections Run for office Run for office Serve on juries Serve on juries Be without identification cards Be without identification cards