0 Watson Collins Manager, Business Development Northeast Utilities Electric Vehicle Summit and Workshop SM

1 The case for plug-in electric vehicles > Net reduction in greenhouse gas emissions > Reduced petroleum dependency > Lower fuel cost for consumers > Economic development and industry leadership opportunities in an emerging industry Benefits come only with mass market acceptance of electric vehicles

2 The local utilities are collaborating and have formed the Regional Electric Vehicle Initiative (REVI)

3 The REVI utilities working group has operations in 5 states Northeast Utilities (CT, MA & NH) National Grid (MA, NH, NY & RI) NSTAR (MA) United Illuminating (CT) Municipal utilities (CT & MA)

4 Components of the recharging infrastructure Home & Fleet Workplace, Retail & Parking Garages Public Curbside Modified chart from EPRI & GM Home installations could be lengthy, complicated and a potential source of consumer dissatisfaction ›Installation times varied between 22 and 38 days during recent vehicle pilots Many businesses have an interest in providing charging station availability to their customers. ›Plug-in hybrids may need less away-from-home charging locations than Battery Electric Vehicles 1 station per vehicle 1 station per 1,000+ vehicles? 1 station per vehicles? Occupies the imagination and energy of the policy dialogue, but not critical to the early adopter stage (McKinsey and TEPCO Studies) ›The challenge is to develop an appropriately sized away-from-home infrastructure (too much can be as bad as too little) 70 to 80% of the Charging

5 Commoditizing EV chargers is a good thing for the overall electric vehicle industry

6 Utility regulatory issues will need to be addressed state by state Fair and Transparent Pricing Open Standards and Universal Access Utility Role In Recharging Infrastructure Metering Off-peak Rates Can the utility system accommodate EV charging? > Yes, the bulk electric supply system can generally meet the demand - Rule of thumb: A 5% penetration rate of EVs increases total kWh volume by less than 1% > There is some potential for local distribution issues depending upon various of factors > Policies needed to promote overnight / off-peak charging for minimum impact on the utility system What are the utility regulatory issues to address?