Great Britain Great Britain and France often fought for control of parts of Africa. The British controlled the gold and ivory trade in West Africa. Great Britain- policy of indirect rule

France The French wanted to spread their culture. Established themselves in northern Algeria and West Africa. Trade outposts were built in West Africa for the slave trade. Most of the French-controlled land was desert. They traded palm oil and timber. France-policy of assimilation (people became French citizens)

Belgium Belgium- paternalism (people serve and obey fatherland) King Leopold II Belgium Belgium also competed for African land. The amount of land purchased in Africa was bigger than Belgium itself. King Leopold II purchased the Congo River basin. Personal possession of King Leopold III of Belgium Village massacres, forced labor by Leopold’s agents Belgian control in 1908 Little preparation for independence Belgium- paternalism (people serve and obey fatherland)

Partitioning Of Africa Colonized Africa Modern Africa

A Mathematical Way to look The Scramble

Colonialism Post World War I and II European powers were in state of recovery and inflation Many colonies were virtually abandoned Little or no preparation for independence No infrastructure, economic or political readiness Culture forced together must build new nations

Independence Day!

Pan-African Congress Educated Africans felt that they could govern themselves African men had fought for European allies; ex-soldiers wanted self rule Pan-Africanism- an idea that people of African descent around the world should work together for their freedom. 1919- first Pan-African Congress established 1945- 5th Congress had 90 delegates; one was the famous Jomo Kenyatta

Article Assignment: Directions: 1. With your learning partner, please read the article, Face to Face with Jomo Kenyatta. One student should be the reporter and the other, Jomo Kenyatta. Please do not take the articles out of the classroom (class set). In your group of 2… Read the article for specific information on: -Reasons for colonial rule -Ways Europeans ruled colonies -Gaining independence -Effects of colonial rule Directions for Jomo Kenyatta article used 1-20-11

Article Assignment con’t: Each student should… 3. On the white sheet of paper, complete a mindmap of Colonial Rule in Africa for all four (4) areas (see the next slide). Use the information that you have learned to complete the mindmap on white paper. Remember: Mindmaps are pictorial illustrations of content. Be VERY DETAILED and SPECIFIC. You should have only a FEW words, phrases and pictures. For each section, you must have the following: Two (2) pictures 2. 3-4 pieces of information about each section Directions for Jomo Kenyatta article Used 1-20-11

Colonial Rule in Africa Reasons for colonial rule Ways Europeans ruled colonies Colonial Rule in Africa Students read Face to Face with Jomo Kenyatta in learning partners. They individually create a mindmap on white paper. Gaining independence Effects of colonial rulen