Agenda  Mother Board – P4M266  Types Of Mother Boards  Components - Processor - RAM - Cards - Ports and Slots - BIOS

Motherboard  A motherboard is the central printed circuit board (PCB) in many modern computers and holds many of the crucial components of the system, while providing connectors for other peripherals.  The motherboard is sometimes alternatively known as the main board, system board, or, on Apple computers, the logic board.  It is also sometimes casually shortened to mobo.

Around 223 manufacturers are listed on Wim's BIOS Page! -ABIT Ltd. -Aopen -ASUSTek -Chaintech -DFI -ECS Elitegroup -EPoX Computer Manufacturers of Motherboards - FIC Inc. -GigaByte Technology -Intel -IWILL -MSI Inc. -Shuttle Computer Group -Soltek USA

Based on Processors -Socket A Motherboards -Socket 370 Motherboards -Socket 378 Motherboards -Socket T Motherboards -Socket 939 Motherboards -Socket AM3 Motherboards -Socket H Motherboards Types of Motherboards

Classification MotherboardProcessors# pinsPackagingBus speed Socket AAMD & Durons462PGA MHz Socket 370Intel Pentium III & Celeron 370PGA66-133MHz Socket 378Pentium 4478PGA MHz Socket TIntel Core 2 Duo & Intel Core 2 Quad 775PGA1600MHz Socket 939AMD family939PGA MHz Socket AM3AMD Phenom II & AMD Athlon II 941LGA MHz Socket HIntel Core i3, Intel Core i5 & Intel Core i7 1156LGA

Based on Dimensions -Full AT -Baby AT -ATX Types of Motherboards

This was the first type of motherboard Size: 12 inches wide and 11 inches long. problems: Access to components and heat. Full AT

Size: 10 by 8.5 inches This motherboard is meant for the classic Pentium processors. The DIN keyboard connector at Baby AT the top right corner of this motherboard makes recognizing this motherboard a relatively simple task.

Size: 12 by 7.5 inches. Bus speed: 100 MHz The I/O ports and USB ports meant for the motherboard are integrated directly into it. This board is mainly meant for the Intel processors ATX (Advanced Technology Extended)

P4M266

Motherboard Interconnection

Processor is the brain of our computer. Some key concepts – Clock : In a computer, clock speed refers to how fast the processor can process the data – Cache: A small but fast memory area. Levels of cache exists. (L1,L2,L3) – Bus (FSB and BSB) : Collection of wires connecting different Devices. Processor

– Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) : internal part of the processor which is used for all mathematical and logical operations – Floating Point Unit (FPU): also internal part of processor, designed to handle any floating point calculations - Processor Architecture : 32 bit or 64 bit Processor

Some Commercially available processors Pentium I-IV Celeron Athlon Duron Itanium (64 bit) Opteron (64 bit) Processor

RAM (Random Access Memory) Volatile memory Also called as primary memory Types of RAM - Static RAM (SRAM) - Dynamic RAM (DRAM) RAM

Static RAM – Fast, has lower access time. – Typical access times 5-25 ns. – Expensive. – Cache memory is Static RAM RAM

Dynamic RAM – Slower, has higher access time than Static RAM. – Typical access times ns. – Much cheaper than SRAM. – Main Memory is Dynamic RAM. RAM

SIMM (Single In-Line Memory Module) -Smaller in length and capacity than DIMM RAM

DIMM (Dual In-Line Memory Module) - Larger in length and capacity than SIMM RAM

Network Interface Card Cards

Sound Card Cards

Graphics Card Cards

Serial – Serial port “serializes” data. – Mouse, Modems etc use Serial port. Parallel – Bits transmitted in parallel. – Used primarily for Printers. PS/2 – Used to interface keyboards and pointing devices. – Frees the serial port for other devices Ports

USB – Data transfer rate 12Mbps/480Mbps. – Multiple devices supported on the bus(127). – Hot pluggable, Plug-and-play. – Provide power through the cable. – Host based. Ports

The slots and ports found on a motherboard include: Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) - connections for video, sound and video capture cards, as well as network cards Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) - dedicated port for video cards Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) - interfaces for the hard drives Communications and Networking Riser (CNR) slot - insert CNR cards with Modem and Audio functionality. Motherboard slots

Universal Serial Bus - external peripherals Memory slots PCI Express - a newer protocol that acts more like a network than a bus. It can eliminate the need for other ports, including the AGP port Motherboard slots

What is it? - Basic Input Output System Why is it necessary? - boot up Important Functions - Display system setting. - Boot Sequence. - Drive Configuration. - Security. - Power Management. BIOS

Questions ??

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