1. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies So far we have wrestled with Memory, the CPU, Bits and Bytes, Input and Output. Yep, Now it’s high time to put some of this together. Where else than the computer’s MOTHERBOARD ?

2. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Computer Components

3. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies I/O Devices sorted by bandwidth 10 B/s 100 B/s 1kB/s 10 kB/s 100 kB/s 1 MB/s 10 MB/s 100 MB/s AudioMouse Keyboard Joystick Scanner IDE HDD VDU TV Camera CD Rom

4. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Fast Components MemoryHard Disk Video Card CPU

5. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Slow Components

6. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Sorting Devices by Bandwidth Classify Devices by their bandwidth (speed in Bytes/sec) Connect devices within each class together Then Connect classes together Incredibly Fast Fast Slow This gives us the structure of a PC Motherboard

7. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Incredibly Fast Fast Slow Buses The connection are called Buses

8. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies PETEHOUND Buses – What are they ? Disk drive Coordinated means of moving information around. Bandwidth? Memory CPU 1101 Wires on pcb

9. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies PCB Bus tracks near a Pentium 4 Physical bus – load of tracks on a PCB (printed circuit board)

10. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Shared communication link Single set of wires used to connect multiple subsystem Designed speed (“Bandwidth”) A Bus is also a fundamental tool for building complex systems Buses – They are : It creates a communication bottleneck The maximum bus speed is largely limited by: –The length of the bus –The number of devices on the bus New devices can be added easily Peripherals can be moved between computer systems that use the same bus standard A single set of wires is shared in multiple ways Poor Good

11. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies A Grand Mother Board Pentium III 440 North Bridge South Bridge Main Memory Cache IDE DIsk Modem MouseKBd USB Printer SCSI Sound PCI Bus ISA Bus Organizing components by their speeds Incredibly Fast Very Fast Fast Slow Graphics

12. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies A Grand Mother Board Itox3 CPU SocketPCI SlotsISA SlotsNorth BridgeSouth Bridgesimm

13. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Two Types of Bus USB Universal Serial Bus Slow 1MByte / sec used for mice printer audio frame and packets – like network Serial Bus PC’s mouse and keyboard used for mice printer audio frame and packets – like network

14. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies PCI Bus Precursor was ISA - 8MHz 16 bit Original PCI 33 MHz 32 bit 100 MB/sec Now extended to 64 bit and 64 MHz Synchronous, multiplexed 5Volt or 3.3 Volt logic levels Plug and Play Support PCI-X 2.0 64 bit 533 MHz PCI Slots (32 bit) ISA Slots

15. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Connections to the Motherboard PS-2 Kbd mouse USB Video Serial Printer / Parallel Game Audio

16. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies A Modern Mother Intel D815 MCH IOCH

17. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies A Modern Mother’s Chipset Incredibly Fast Very Fast Fast Slow No Northbridge No Southbridge A New Grouping

18. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies A Modern Mother Intel D815 Back Panel Connectors AGPPCI BusCPU SocketDIMMCodecBatteryIOCHMCHHDDFDD

19. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Back Panel Connectors AGPPCI BusCPU SocketDIMMCodecBatteryIOCHMCHHDDFDDCNR D815 Plan

20. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies D815 CPU – Memory Control Hub

21. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies D815 Input-Output Control Hub

22. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Glossary PCIPeripheral Component Interconnect ISAIndustry Standard Association USBUniversal Serial Bus CodecCoder-Decoder (audio media) AGPAdvanced Graphics Port HDDHard Disk Drive FDDFloppy Disk Drive SCSISmall Computer System Interface CPUCentral Processor Unit PCBPrinted Circuit Board IDEIntegrated Drive Electronics simm single inline mem module dimm dual inline memory module MCH Memory Control Hub IOCH IO Control Hub IO Input or Output LANLocal Area Network SIOSerial Input Output PIOParallel IO OTTOver The Top

23. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Investigating Circuit Boards Here’s some photographs which will help you recognize what a printed circuit board’s function is. Parallel Port Printer Video Port Serial Port Ethernet (OLD) PS/2 mouse, Keyboard USB

24. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies BIOS ROM Bleeper LED Display Battery for CMOS Power Connector OLD Keyboard conn

25. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Investigating Circuit Boards Here’s some CHIP Identification Numbers that may help you identify some Circuit Boards 80386 Intel CPU 80486 Intel CPU 8051 Microcontroller 8086 Intel CPU (early) 2732/64/128/256 EPROM 68030/40 Motorola CPU 8041 Keyboard controller 8049 Keyboard controller 8255 Input/Output Chip WD---- Disk controller chip 80282 ancient CPU 8237 Disk input output 8254 Programmable Timer

26. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies Microcontrollers Chips containing CPU RAM IO Ports, Timers. Used in Car Engine Management Systems Used in Alarm Systems Also in Coffee Machines Intel 8051-family This one in a Furbie

27. CBP 2002ITY 117 Digital Technologies