بسم الله الرّحمن الرّحيم Course : Health Safety & Radiation Protection (RAD 453) Chapter 0 : General Introduction Omrane KADRI, Ph.D. okadri@KSU.EDU.SA Office 2021

Outline Evaluation & Assessment Method Oral Presentation Practical Report Goal of the Course What we will cover ? References & useful web links

1) Evaluation & Assessment Method Students are assessed as follows: 1st mid term exam 15 marks 2nd mid term exam Practical report 10 marks Oral Presentation Weekly Assessment (5 Quizzes) Final exam 40 marks Total 100 marks

1) Evaluation & Assessment Method Guidelines… 1st, 2nd and final exam questions can be: Meaning of useful acronym (ALARA As Low As Reasonably Achievable) Figure or curve interpretation Application of some lows (inverse square low for the activity) Similar question from past quizzes Quizzes (100 % MCQ) 1st & 2nd mid-term (70 % MCQ + 30 % writing) Final exam (30 % MCQ + 70 % writing) Weekly Assessment: Covers the last lecture contents ( 15 minutes) Important: All lecture slides will be send to the group leader after this lecture Student should stop the teacher, at any time, for comprehension purposes No repetition to any exam or quiz without Legitimate excuse

2) Oral presentations in this course can be chosen from the following topics… Ionizing & Non-Ionizing radiation biological effects. Interaction of X-Ray with matter physics. Early and late biological effects of ionizing radiation. Overview of the cell structure (components, function, division, and cycle). Dose limits for ionizing radiation exposure and regulation authorities . Methods applied to protect Patient against Radiation. Methods applied to protect Technologist against Radiation. Patient radiation exposure management during diagnostic x-ray. Radiation monitoring devices and survey instruments. How equipment is designed to ensure radiation protection. How to convince patient that radiation diagnostic is safe? How to convince patient that radiation treatment is safe? Health Safety

2) Oral presentations in this course Guidelines… PowerPoint slides: No more than 10 slides Cover page should contain the student name Slides should investigate the proposed subject clearly Last page should contains the references used Send your file saved as: RAD453-Oral-XX.ppt (XX: student serial number) to my e-mail: okadri@ksu.edu.sa Presentations will be held after the last lecture (10th Lect.): 10 minutes for exhibition Score: Scientific content  5 marks Speech + Questions  5 marks Important: Don’t write anything you don’t know You can use figures, curves, photos,… for explanation

ALARA principles demonstration: Distance effect Time effect 3) Practical Report Concern the following topic … ALARA principles demonstration: Distance effect Time effect Shielding effect Other …. If going to hospital (King Fahd Medical City: KFMC)

3) Practical Report Guidelines… Microsoft word document: No more than 10 pages Cover page should contain the student name Start with a brief description of where and what you see during the visit Explain, in details, any experiments carried out Send your file saved as: RAD453-Report-XX.doc (XX: student serial number) to my e-mail: okadri@ksu.edu.sa Important: Don’t write anything you don’t know You should use figures, curves, photos,… for explanation Consult Mr. Imed to arrange when going to hospital

4) The Goal of the Course This course will provide students with knowledge of the processes (physical & biological) which occur as a result of interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. The fundamentals of radiation protection for personnel, patients and public will be discussed also. We also want to learn the basic knowledge to bring about condition free from risk of injury or threat to our health and well-being

Fundamental Radiation Concepts Radiation Instrumentation 5) What we will cover? Chapters … Fundamental Radiation Concepts Radiation Instrumentation Sources of Radiation Effects of Radiation External Radiation Protection Internal Radiation Protection BSS & International Regulations Radioisotope Lab Techniques Risk Assessment & Lab Rules Basic Health & Safety 1st Mid-Term Exam Quiz 2nd Mid-Term Exam Final Exam

Ch.1: Fundamental Radiation Concepts Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of radiation concepts The Radioactive Atom Radioactive Decay Modes The Radioactive Decay Equation Radioactivity Units Interactions of Radiations with Matter Radiation Units

Ch.2: Radiation Instrumentation Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of instruments available and how they are used Introduction Ionisation in gases (Ion Chamber, Geiger-Muller Tube) Ionisation in solids (NaI, Liquid scintillation counter, Semiconductor) Personnel monitoring (TLD, OSL, Film Badge, PRD) Suitability Monitoring  Quiz N01

Ch.3: Sources of Radiation Goal: Provide the student with information concerning the source type of radiation exposure Introduction Natural Background Radiation Man-Made radiation sources Source of exposure How radiation is used Brief summary  Quiz N0 2

Ch.4: Effects of Radiation Goal: Provide the student with information concerning the effects and limits of radiation exposure Introduction Effect of Radiation on atom and molecules Effect of Radiation on biological molecules Effect of Radiation on cells  First Mid-Term Exam

Ch.5: External Radiation Protection Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of (biological) hazard arising from the immersion of a body in a radiation field ICRP’s Three Types of Exposure Basic Principals of Radiation Protection Protecting against external radiation: Methods of protection (ALARA principles) Access Control Personnel Monitoring

Ch.6: Internal Radiation Protection Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of (biological) hazard arising from inhalation, ingestion or injection of radioactivity Methods of Entry Internal Exposure Limits Internal Exposure Monitoring Radioactive Waste Internal Radiation Protection Methodologies Guidelines  Quiz N0 3

Ch.7: BSS & International Regulations Goal: To become aware of the ICRP’s conceptual framework and the International Basic Safety Standards requirement (BSS) and related Safety Guides in radiation protection in medical field. National Regulatory Authority Main International Institutions involved in Regulatory aspects The Basic Safety Standards What is the BSS? What is the ICRP? What is the UNSCEAR?  Quiz N0 4

Ch.8: Radioisotope Lab Techniques Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge of the work environment, methods of protection, equipment, and procedures for decontamination Protective Clothing The Workplace Manipulations of Radioactive Materials Radioactive Material Spills ( Minor and Major Spills) Radioactive Waste Disposal Radioactive Contamination Survey & Limits Control Measures for Radioactive Contamination Radiation Survey & Limits Control Measures for Radiation Levels  Second Mid-Term Exam

Ch.9: Risk Assessment & Lab Rules Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge on the process of quantifying the probability of a harmful effect to individuals from certain human activities Health & Safety at work Five steps for risk assessment General Lab rules Chemical Hazards Physical Hazards Emergency Response

Ch.10: Basic Health & Safety Goal: Provide the student with a basic knowledge on conditions free from risk of injury or threat to our health and well-being Introduction Accident Prevention Workplace Safety Occupational Health  Quiz N05

Oral Presentation Practical Report Final Exam

6) References & Useful web links M. A. S. Sherer et al. “Radiation Protection in Medical Radiography”, Fifth Edition, Mosby Elsevier, 2006 James E. Martin “Physics for Radiation Protection ”, Wiley-Interscience; 1st edition, 2000. James E. Martin and Chul Lee “ Principles of Radiological Health and Safety”, Wiley-Interscience; 1st edition, 2002. http://artikel-software.com/blog/2007/09/19/radiation-protection-manual/ http://www.epa.gov/rpdweb00/ http://www.icrp.org/ https://rpop.iaea.org/ http://www.ncrponline.org/ http://www.hse.gov.uk/radiation/rpnews/bss.htm http://www-ns.iaea.org/standards/review-of-the-bss.asp http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/radiation.html

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