1. Training Module Preparation for “AERB norms, licenses and signage”
Presented by :Group 1-Dr. Alvin, Dr. Mukta, Dr. Swati, Dr. Shikha, Dr. Jeet
Reviewed by : Dr Vijay Agarwal, Dr Lallu Joseph, Dr Narayan Pendse, Dr C M Bhagat.

2. Points for Discussion
Time allowed for the presentation is 7 minutes

3. About AERB – a brief
All activities involving the use of nuclear energy, nuclear radiation and radioactive sources in the country are to be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and Amendments, Environment Protection Act 1986.

4. About AERB – a brief
In pursuance of the objective to ensure safety of members of the public and occupational workers, as well as protection of environment, the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) is entrusted with the responsibility of laying down safety standards and framing rules and regulations for such activities.

5. Why Radiation Safety

6. Where !!
…..

7. AERB Norms: Design norms: location, size, built, shielding
Equipment specs:
Responsibilities of the Manufacturers:
Safety Protocols:

8. Training Module

9. Training Module Contents:
Overview of Radiation Hazards, Regulations, Protection Standards, Radiation Safety
Basic Radiation Protection Principles:
Radiation Protection Standards,
Dose Limits
External Protection
General Precautions and Safety Protocols
Radiation Detection and Monitoring
Radiation Safety Policies and Protocols
For Radioactive Materials: Security, Transportation, Receipt, Package Opening, Usage, Storage, Disposal etc

10. Who should be aware of ?
Can be periodic
Users: Doctors, Technicians, Nurses, other staff:
Safety Protocols of Radiation, Usage of Protective Shields & Monitoring Devices during procedures, Safe Practices like Time Distance Shielding, Dosimeter Testing, Apron Testing Calibration
Administrators, Policy Makers in the hospital:
Protocols, Safety Monitoring, Surveillance etc
Others: Radiation Protection, DOs and DONTs before procedures: this is done through signage, brochures, education & counseling etc.
Regular practice

11. Few Protective Devices
Lead Aprons
Thyroid Shields
Gonadal Shields

12. Monitoring Devices
Thermoluminescent Dosimeter badges are Radiation Detection Devices
All the caregivers who are exposed to radiation should have their personal device which should be worn during the exposure
Periodically these badges should be sent to the approved lab to detect the level of radiation exposure
TLD Badges

13. AERB Registration?
Source:

14. Role of the Radiation Safety Officer
Act as liaison
To ensure your department is in compliance with all standards and regulations.
to assess new safety and health hazards.
staff to make sure they are aware of any environmental health and safety issues.
Know the rules
Be aware of relevant regulations and policies.
RSO shall provide advice and assistance to the employer and licensee on radiation safety.
Coordinate training
Arrange general departmental training sessions 
Make sure staff are aware of all required safety training for themselves.
Instructing the staff about hazards of radiation and safety and good work practices, safe disposal of radioactive waste.
Keep records
Maintain all the documents, licenses etc in the department.
Carry out measurements and analysis on radiation and radioactivity levels in the controlled area, supervised area and maintain records of the same.

15. Radiation Signage
AERB has prescribed an annual dose limit of 30 mSv for radiation workers and a limit of 100 mSv over a period of five consecutive years. A Standing Committee reviews radiation exposures above the prescribed limits. The Committee also reviews the circumstances under which any radiation worker in the country has been exposed to more than 20 mSv in any particular year*.
* Source:

16. Radiation Signage

17. X-Ray Room Model Layout

18. Few Formats

20. Health Surveillance of Workers
Every employer shall provide the services of a physician with appropriate qualification to undertake occupational health surveillance of workers.
General medical examination shall be done at least once in three years.
Counseling of pregnant workers shall be done.

21. Radiation Safety Committee
Establish policy and standards of practice for the Radiation Safety Program.
Provide approval/disapproval of individuals applying to become Authorized Users.
Provide approval/disapproval of new types or modalities of use of radioactive materials and radiation-producing equipment.
Review radiation safety incidents, issues, and violations, and recommend corrective actions.
Review a summary of the occupational radiation dose records and recommendations on ways to maintain doses as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA).
Ensure that users are appropriately credentialed and are using ionizing radiation sources safely.

22. Few more Guidelines Room size-
For x ray= > 18m2 for general purpose radiography and fluoroscopy.
For CT Unit= >25m
For mammo= > 10 m2.
Not more than one unit of any type shall be installed in the same room.
wall size and shielding should be followed.(9 inches thick brick).
Control room-
For equipments operating at 125 KV or above, should have a separate control room
Not required in equipments of less than 125 kv

23. Thank You