Introduction to Geography By Arthur Getis Judith Getis Jerome D. Fellmann

Chapter 5 Human Impact on the Environment

Overview §Ecosystems §Impact on Water §Impact on Air and Climate §Impact on Land and Soils §Impact on Plants and Animals §Solid-Waste Disposal

Ecosystems §Food Chains and Renewal Cycles

Impact on Water §Availability of Water §Modification of Streams §Water Quality §Agricultural Sources of Water Pollution l Fertilizers l Biocides l Animal Wastes

Impact on Water (cont.) §Other Sources of Water Pollution l Industry l Mining l Municipalities and Residences §Controlling Water Pollution

Impact on Air and Climate §Air Pollutants §Factors Affecting Air Pollution §Acid Rain §Photochemical Smog §Depletion of the Ozone Layer §The Greenhouse Effect §Controlling Air Pollution

Impact on Land and Soils §Landforms Produced by Excavation §Landforms Produced by Dumping §Formation of Surface Depressions §Soils

Impact on Plants and Animals §Habitat Disruption §Hunting and Commercial Exploitation §Introduction of New Species §Poisoning and Contamination

Solid-Waste Disposal §Municipal Waste l Landfills l Incineration l Source Reduction and Recycling §Hazardous Waste