Jean-François Dechamp Open Access Policy Officer European Commission Directorate-General for Research & Innovation (DG RTD) Brussels, 22 April 2013 Licences for Europe, TDM working group, 3 rd meeting The European Commission policy on open access: the importance of text and data mining

Research & Innovation What is open access (OA) to scientific information OA = online access at no charge to the user (& further distribution and proper archiving) to peer-reviewed scientific publications to research data Two main OA publishing business models Gold OA immediate OAGold OA: costs covered (e.g. by 'authors') immediate OA: provided by publisher Green OA immediate/delayed OAGreen OA: deposit of manuscripts immediate/delayed OA: provided by author

Research & Innovation Two Commissioners on open access Vice-President Neelie Kroes Digital Agenda "We spend hundreds of billions of Euro on research in Europe and we need to make sure the results can have the largest possible impact” (July 2012 Press conference) Commissioner Máire Geoghegan-Quinn Research & Innovation “Open access will (…) boost Europe's innovation capacity and give citizens quicker access to the benefits of scientific discoveries” (2012 Stakeholder meeting)

Research & Innovation The Commission objective The Commission wants to optimise the impact of publicly- funded scientific research At European level (FP7, Horizon 2020) At Member State level One way to get there: open access Expected benefits: Results of publicly funded research can be disseminated more broadly and faster for the benefit of researchers, industry and citizens Equal access across Europe and beyond Drive down the costs of dissemination without sacrificing quality

Research & Innovation The Commission strategy Develop and implement open access to research results from projects funded by the EU Research Framework Programmes (FP7, Horizon 2020) Incl. funding research and supporting activities in the area of open access Encourage national initiatives at Member State level Contribute to co-ordination between Member States and within the European Research Area

Research & Innovation Three key documents from the European Commission ( ) Communication 'A reinforced European Research Area partnership for excellence and growth'Communication Global setting Communication 'Towards better access to scientific information: boosting the benefits of public investments in research'Communication Focus on Horizon 2020 Recommendation on access to and preservation of scientific informationRecommendation Focus on EU Member States

Research & Innovation 1. Communication 'ERA' The ERA is based on the internal market in which researchers, scientific knowledge and technology circulate freely One of the five priority areas: Optimal circulation, access to and transfer of scientific knowledge Joint statement by stakeholders organisations Formal commitments and activities on open access by: EARTO, NordForsk, Science Europe, LERU and EUA

2. Communication: 'Towards better access to scientific information' OA Pilot in FP7 'Best effort' to provide OA 7 areas Peer-reviewed publications Allowed embargos: 6/12 months OA publishing costs Eligible while project runs All projects OA mandate in H2020 (tbc) Obligation to provide OA All areas Peer-reviewed publications Allowed embargos: 6/12 months + Pilot for research data (details tbd / interests to protect) OA publishing costs (tbc) Eligible while project runs All projects Publications after project ends?? (conditions tbd) Green OA Green OA Gold OA Research & Innovation

3. Recommendation to Member States Member States to define policies for and implement: OA to publications OA to research data – taking into account data-specific concerns preservation and re-use of scientific information e-infrastructures Consistency between H2020 policy and MS policy Structured co-ordination of MS (National Points of Reference) at EU-level and reporting Multi-stakeholder dialogue to be set up

Research & Innovation How are Commission policy documents on TDM and OA intertwined? (1/2) The 'Scientific information package' (2012 Communication and Recommendation) came prior to the 2012 Communication on Content in the Digital Single Market No explicit mention of TDM However...

Research & Innovation How are Commission policy documents on TDM and OA intertwined? (2/2) Communication (Horizon 2020): "[...] information already paid for by the public purse should not be paid for again each time it is accessed or used, and [...] it should benefit European companies and citizens to the full." "The Commission encourages authors to retain their copyright and to grant licences to publishers, according to the rules applying in Member States." Recommendation (Member States): "[as a result of OA policies] Licensing systems contribute to open access [to publications] in a balanced way, in accordance with and without prejudice to the applicable copyright legislation, and encourage researchers to retain their copyright while granting licences to publishers." "[as a result of OA policies] Research data [are] publicly accessible, usable and re-usable through digital infrastructures."

Research & Innovation R&I perspective: the need to open up TDM (1/2) Efficient use of TDM is a way optimise the impact of publicly-funded scientific research Several studies predict a huge potential of TDM for R&I and the economy as a whole TDM must be ‘opened up’: existing legal and technical barriers to TDM must be removed Ideally and whenever possible, content to be mined should be open, free to access online for text and data mining At the very least, licenses to read / access content should include TDM Technical challenges must also be addressed: being able to access large volumes of data via unique entry points (platforms would speed up the R&I process)

Research & Innovation R&I perspective: the need to open up TDM (2/2) The Commission understands the concerns of its stakeholders, including the research community, about making additional licensing the only solution: Content-mining licences should not be barriers to TDM of publicly- funded research All evidence, opinions and solutions to facilitate the widest adoption of TDM must be given equal weighting: No solution should be ruled to be out of scope from the outset TDM policy development will have an impact not only on the R&I done in the remit of Horizon 2020, but on any research and knowledge transfer performed within the ERA Not only parallel developments in TDM should not jeopardize the EU policy on open access  TDM policy developments must be coherent with the broader move towards openness in R&I: open access, open data, open innovation, citizen science, crowdsourcing, etc.

Research & Innovation What can DG RTD bring to the process? Commission's objectives: Stakeholders are invited to point to all the issues and limitations of current licensing models and indicate preferred options, including legislative reform The stakeholder dialogue does not affect the parallel on-going legislative review Conclusions do not bind any of the participants The overall responsibility for the dialogue rests with DGs CNECT, EAC & MARKT DG RTD will be more actively involved: Need to ensure the broadest discussion and reporting on various possible solutions to tackle the obstacles for TDM This includes considering copyright exceptions in the EU legal framework on copyright Need to ensure coherence with the EU policy on open access

Thank you! Website of the European Commission on open access Contacts in DG RTD Research & Innovation