MCAS Math Terms

Add The process of finding the total number of items when two or more groups of items are joined; the opposite operation of subtraction = 5

Addend A number that is added to another in an addition problem = 5 The addends are 2 and 3

Sum The answer to an addition problem = 19 The sum is 19.

Subtract The process of finding how many are left when a number of items are taken away from a group of items; the process of finding the difference when two groups are compared; the opposite operation of addition 6 – 2 = 4 Difference The answer in a subtraction problem = 3 3 is the difference.

Multiply The process of finding the total number of items in equal-sized groups, or of finding the total number of items in a given number of groups when each group contains the same number of items; Multiplication is the inverse of division. 3 x 4 = 12 Product The answer to a multiplication problem. 6 x 2 = 12 The product is 12.

Divide The process of sharing a number of items to find how many groups can be made or how many items will be in each group; the opposite operation of multiplication 6 ÷ 3 = 2

Quotient The number, not including the remainder, that results from dividing 35 ÷ 5 = 7 The quotient is 7. Remainder The amount left over when a number cannot be divided equally

Factors A number that is multiplied by another number to find a product Multiple The product of a given whole number and another whole number 4 x 7 = 28 The factors are 4 and 7.

Regroup To exchange amounts of equal value to rename a number Compute To add, subtract, multiply or divide in order to solve a problem

Circle A closed plane figure with all points on the figure the same distance from the center Sphere A solid figure that has the shape of a round ball; all points are the same distance from the center

Cone A solid figure that has a circular base and one vertex Cylinder A solid figure that has two parallel bases that are congruent circles

Square A rectangle with 4 equal sides A parallelogram with four right angles Rectangle

Triangle A polygon with three sides A solid figure with a polygon base and all other faces triangles that meet at a common vertex Pyramid

Faces A polygon that is a flat surface of a solid figure Angles A figure formed by two rays that have a common endpoint

Plane Figure A figure in a plane that is formed by lines that are curved, straight, or both Parallel Lines Lines in a plane that never intersect

Chart Information collected about people or things Data

Data Organizer Graph

Grid Array An arrangement of objects in rows and columns Evenly divided and equally spaced squares on a figure or flat surface

Ordered Pairs A pair of numbers used to locate a point on a coordinate grid. The first number tells how far to move horizontally, and the second number tells how far to move vertically. Example: (1,2) represents 1 unit to the right of zero and 2 units up.

Plot Survey A method of gathering information about a group

Digit Any one of the ten symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9 used to write numbers Whole Number One of the numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,... The set of whole numbers goes on without end

Fewest Least Most

Greater Than A symbol used to compare two numbers, with the greater number given first 8 > 6 8 is greater than 6 Less Than A symbol used to compare two numbers, with the lesser number given first 6 < 8 6 is less than 8

Equal Equivalent Having the same value or naming the same amount Equals means the same as.

Number Line A line with equally spaced tick marks named by numbers

Average The number found by dividing the sum of a set of numbers by the numbers of addends Estimate To find a number that is close to an exact amount 32 x 9 x 30 x 10 = 300 estimate 32 x 9 is about 300.

Amount Value Sign

Number Sentence Equation A sentence that includes numbers, operation symbols, and a greater than or less than symbol or an equal sign = 8 A number sentence which shows that two quantities are equal = 6 n + 7 = 15

Pattern 2, 4, 6, 8, 10….. Relationship A set of ordered pairs (5,1) (10,2) (15,3) (20,4) (25,5)

Rule The rule is add 2.

Area Perimeter The number of square units needed to cover a surface The area is 9 square units. The distance around a figure 2 cm + 3 cm + 3 cm = 8 cm The perimeter of this figure is 8 centimeters.

Borrowing Carrying To exchange amounts of equal value to rename a number - Regrouping 22 = 2 tens 2 ones or 1 ten 12 ones

Column Row A ROW is defined as the horizontal space that is going across the window A COLUMN is defined as the vertical space that is going across the window

Angles Right Obtuse Acute An angle that has a measure greater than a right angle (greater than 90°) An angle that has a measure less than a right angle (less than 90°) An angle that forms a square corner and has a measure of 90°

Graphs Line Bar Circle A graph that uses bars to show data A graph that uses horizontal or vertical bars to display countable data A graph the shows how parts of the data are related to the whole and to each other A graph that uses a line to show how data change over time