CONSERVATION, RESTORATION & MANAGEMENT OF LAKES Jahnavi R, Jyotsna Sripada & Divya P Vidyaniketan Pre-University College Ullal Upanagar, Bangalore December 28, 2006

OBJECTIVE STUDY OF CONSERVATION, RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LAKES. STUDY OF CONSERVATION, RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LAKES. EMPHASIS ON CONTRIBUTION OF LAKES TO OUR ECO-SYSTEM. EMPHASIS ON CONTRIBUTION OF LAKES TO OUR ECO-SYSTEM.

INTRODUCTION USES OF LAKES :  ESSENTIAL FOR HUMAN HABITAT  HOME TO BIRDS, FLORA & FAUNA  USEFUL IN RECHARGING GROUND WATER  VITAL PART OF THE FRESH WATER ECO-SYSTEM  FLOOD CONTROL AND STORM PROTECTION

INTRODUCTION contd.  CAUSES FOR LAKE DEPLETION: –INADEQUATE RAINFALL –INDUSTRIAL WASTES –DIGGING OF BOREWELLS –UNPLANNED URBANIZATION

PROJECT STUDIES Sample analysis of Ullal lake. Conclusion of a survey conducted in the area. Interview with an environmentalist Detailed study of Ulsoor lake.

SAMPLE ANALYSIS OF ULLAL LAKE PARAMET ER CONCEN TRATIO N STANDA RD VALUE CONCLUS ION PH NORMAL DISSOLVED OXYGEN 6.4 mg/l 9.1 mg/l NORMAL BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND 1.1mg/l 1 – 2mg/l NORMAL E.COLI240 -CONTAMINATE D WITH PATHOGENS CHLORIDES25mg/l -NORMAL

INTERACTION WITH PUBLIC NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS 15 PERIOD OF RESIDENCY 4 TO 20 YEARS OCCUPATION DETAILS ORGANISED SECTOR -8 BUSINESS- 2,UNORGANISED- 5 AGE GROUP OF RESPONDENTS 7 TO 60 YEARS

INTERACTION WITH PUBLIC contd  ACTIVITIES SPOILING THE LAKE:  DUMPING WASTE MATTER  USAGE AS PUBLIC TOILET  IMMERSION OF IDOLS

LAKE PROBLEMS EUTROPHICATION – The ageing process SEDIMENTATION – Soils wash into the lake EXCESS ALGAE – Microscopic aquatic plants CONTAMINATION – Pollution from toxic substances ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION OF POLLUTANTS

EXCESSIVE WEED GROWTH

DUMPED GARBAGE

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

DYING AND DECOMPOSING BLUE GREEN ALGAE BLOOM

BREEDING MOSQUITO LARVAE

STRATEGIES FOR RESTORATION (ULLAL LAKE) ADHERENCE TO WATER QUALITY STANDERDS(WQS) WEED REMOVAL AFFORESTATION ALONG TANK BUND DESILTATION PREVENT POINT SOURCE OF POLLUTION CORRECT NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION PROBLEMS

DETAILED STUDY OF ULSOOR LAKE Size: 50 acres Current problems: HYACINTH INFESTED WATER CONTAMINATED WITH SLIME UNCHECKED EFFLUNTES SEWAGE DISCHARGE UNPLANNED URBANISATION

STUDY OF ULSOOR LAKE CONTD  SUGGESTIONS FROM “SAVE ULSOOR LAKE FOUNDATION” DESILTING OF LAKE MEASURES TO PREVENT SEWAGE AND POLLUTANTS

EFFECT OF INADEQUATE DISSOLVED OXYGEN

LOST LAKES NAME OF LAKESTATUS NOW SHOOLY LAKEFOOTBALL STADIUM AKKITHIMMANAHALI LAKE HOCKEY STADIUM DARMAMBUDI LAKEKEMPEGOWDA BUS STAND CHALLAGATTA LAKEGOLF COURSE DOMLUR LAKEBDA LAYOUT NAGASHETTIHALI LAKE SPACE DEPARTMENT

KEMPEGOWDA BUS STATION – ONCE DHARMAMBUDI LAKE

GOLF COURSE- ONCE CHALLAGHATTA LAKE

STADIUM – ONCE SHOOLAY LAKE

RESIDENTIAL LAYOUT – ONCE KORAMANGALA LAKE

lake Conservation DEVELOP AQUATIC LIFE PREVENT ENCROACHMENT SET UP AN INTERAGENCY REGULATORY BODY INVOLVE INSTITUTIONS AND COLLEGES INWATER QUALITY MONITORING CREATE PUBLIC AWARENESS.

IN-LAKE RESTORATION TECHNIQUES METHODADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGE S DILUTION WASHES OUT SURFACE ALGAE REQUIRES LARGE VOLUME OF WATER ARTIFICIAL CIRCULATION PROVIDES AERATION AND OXYGENATION DOES NOT DECREASE ALGAE BIOMASS DREDGING CONTROLS AQUATIC VEGETATION HIGH COST

AQUATIC PLANT CONTROL TECHNIQUES METHODADVANTAGESDRAWBACKS Manual Methods : Manual Methods : (Handpulling, raking and cutting) Inexpensive. Flexible. Not practical for large areas. Weed Rolling: Weed Rolling: Rolls plants flat or detaches them from bottom sediment Easy to operate, Can give season-long control. Good only for limited area around dock. Herbicides: Herbicides: Apply chemicals to kill or control plants. May control macrophyte and algae growth. Potential toxic effects. Decomposes plant material Sediment Covers Sediment Covers (Bottom barriers) Nontoxic. Low environmental impact High cost. Prone to damage, displacement, and plant regrowth

WETLAND MANAGEMENT  INTENSIVE MONITORING  INTERACTION AND COOPERATION AMONG VARIOUS AGENCIES INVOLVED  MAINTAIN IMPORTANT NATURAL PROCESSES THAT OPERATE ON LAKES THAT MAY BE ALTERED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES  CONDUCT REGULAR WATER QUALITY MONITORING  CREATING BUFFER ZONES FOR LAKE PROTECTION  DEVELOPMENT OF WATER QUALITY DATABASE  ANALYSE AND DISCUSS CASE STUDIES

CONCLUSION ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE OF UNPLANNED URBANIZATION AND GROWING POPULATION HAVE TAKEN ITS TOLL ON WETLANDS. ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE OF UNPLANNED URBANIZATION AND GROWING POPULATION HAVE TAKEN ITS TOLL ON WETLANDS. LAKES ARE POLLUTED MAINLY DUE TO SEWAGE FROM DOMESTIC & INDUSTRIAL SECTORS LAKES ARE POLLUTED MAINLY DUE TO SEWAGE FROM DOMESTIC & INDUSTRIAL SECTORS IT REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION FROM THE AUTHORITIES TO RESTORE THEM IT REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION FROM THE AUTHORITIES TO RESTORE THEM

HAD ALL THE LAKES BEEN PROTECTED, BANGALORE WOULD HAVE BEEN NEXT TO WALES OF U.K.

T H A N K Y O U