PAMELA ARÉVALO KARLA ESPINOZA MARIUXI ROMERO GONZALO MALDONADO CARLO BANCHÓN

Haiti is located in the Hispaniola island, which is divided into Haiti and Dominican Republic. During 18th century, Haiti under a slave system, was governed by France. Its population was made out by slaves and only people free, mostly whites and mulatos. Haiti was the most rich colony in the Caribbean.

Inspired by the French Revolution and their ideas of equality, Vicent Ogé, a wealthy free color men in Haiti, demanded right to vote, but it was denied, After it he led a insurgency, where he was captured, and he was executed. Ogé was not fighting against slavery, but his treatment was cited by later slave rebels as one of the factors in their decision to rise up.

In august 21 st, 1791, slaves of Saint Domingue rose in a revolt an plunged the colony into civil war. The signal to begin the revolt was given by Dutty Boukman, a high priest of vodou and leader of the Maroon slaves, during a religious ceremony at Bois Caiman on the night of 14 August. Within ten days, slaves took control of the northern province, and by 1792, slaves controlled a third of the island.

Members of the French Assembly were determined to stop the revolt. Apart from granting rights to the free people of color, they dispatched 6,000 French soldiers to the island. Meanwhile, in 1793, France declared war on Great Britain. Spain, who controlled the rest of the island of Hispaniola, would also join the conflict and fight with Great Britain against France. Spanish forces invaded Saint Domingue and were joined by the slave forces.

Toussaint Louverture

He was a self-educated former domestic slave. He initially fought for the Spanish Crown in this period. After the British had invaded Saint-Domingue, L'Ouverture decided to fight for the French if they would agree to free all the slaves. End of slavery was proclaimed on 29 August He declared himself governor for life, so French troops sent by Napoleon fought against him. During the struggles, some of Toussaint's closest allies including Jean-Jacques Dessalines, defected to the French troops. He was seized by the French and shipped to France. He died months later.

Jean-Jacques Dessalines

For a few months, the island was quiet under Napoleonic rule. Dessalines led the rebellion until its completion, when the French forces were finally defeated in The last battle of the Haitian Revolution, the Battle of Vertières, occurred on 18 November It was fought between Haitian rebels led by Jean-Jacques Dessalines and the French colonial army. On 1 January 1804, Dessalines officially declared the former colony's independence, renaming it "Haiti“.