Reproduction of Flowering Plants

Asexual reproduction Fragmentation Root system Original plant Suckers Sucker Plantlets

Rhizome Adventitious roots Tuber Roots Rhizome Bulb Adventitious roots Stem Fleshy leaves Corm (modified stem) Leaf Scars Axillary bud Adventitious roots old corm (last year’s) old Fig Adventitious roots New shoot Scale leaf (at node) Stolon (runner) Asexual reproduction

Asexual reproduction Cuttings

Asexual reproduction: Grafting stock = main body (usually roots & some stem) scion = new plant part

Asexual reproduction:Tissue culture

artificial seeds (usually use alginate to encapsulate) Asexual reproduction seeds without sex

Eudicot flower

= microspore mother cell (tetrad arrangement) Making a male gametophyte 2-3 cells

Eudicot flower

= megaspore mother cell Making a female gametophyte micropyle 7 cells

complete vs. incomplete

perfect vs. imperfect

male female Hermaphroditic/bisexual vs. unisexual flowers Monoecious plants Dioecious plants

solitary inflorescences

Pollination Self-incompatible Self compatible stigma

Double fertilization

Eudicot seed development

Eudicot seed (bean) Monocot seed (corn; old 36-2b) (scutellum) Plumule

Simple Fruits

Aggregate fruit: one flower with multiple carpels blackberry

Inflorescence (a cluster of flowers on a common floral stalk) Single female flower Multiple fruit Old Fig mulberry

Accessory fruit

Dispersal