POST- JACKSON AMERICA APUSH 4.2

VAN BUREN 1836 Election Van Buren hand-picked by Jackson Whigs try to force it to House and have 3 regional candidates run. Harrison, Webster, White Martin Van Buren – 8 th President ( ), Democrat OK – “Old Kinderhook” How is Van Buren much like George H.W. Bush (#41) in history?

NEW STATE? Texas broke away from Mexico and formed their own country. (more about that in the next unit) They applied for statehood, but both Jackson and Van Buren did not press the issue. What scared Jackson and Van Buren enough to not let them in?

I THOUGHT JACKSON KILLED THE BUS? When Van Buren became President, the nation had just entered the Panic of What was one of the main reasons for that economic downturn? Van Buren pushes through the Independent Treasury Bill. Independent Treasury = B.U.S. How does Jackson like this? What happens to his support of Van Buren?

AFTER MARSHALL… Jackson would appoint Roger Taney as Chief Justice Taney Court – more for states rights than federal power Most famous case – Dred Scott decision

OUR GREATEST PRESIDENT? 1840 Election - Harrison “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too” Log Cabin Campaign Did he ever live in a cabin? Hard cider campaign Meanwhile, how is Van Buren viewed? This is the one election that any Whig running probably would have won. But did Henry Clay run this time? Whig – Harrison Democrat – Van Buren

ONE REALLY GREAT MONTH 9 th President – William Henry Harrison, Whig, 1841 Dies after one month in office “His Accidency” takes over – 10 th President John Tyler ( ) Does a V.P. that takes over have same powers? Whigs finally have a man in office, but Tyler doesn’t act like a Whig. Internal Improvements Bill vetoed Independent Treasury removed (no more BUS again) Entire cabinet resigns and replaced with Democrats How does Clay like all this?

DIPLOMACY Caroline incident (1837) – Americans supplying Canadian insurgents Creole incident (1841) – Slaves that escaped to Bahamas on ship were said to be free by British Aroostook War – Fighting over Maine / Canada Boundary Webster-Ashburton Treaty (1842) – Resolved all the issues above

RISE OF 3 RD PARTIES What is the importance of 3 rd or minor parties? Minor/3 rd Parties of the early 1800s: Anti-Mason Party American (Know-Nothing) Party Liberty Party What were each of them against?

TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATION REVOLUTION American System of Clay pushes for more Internal Improvements such as canals and roads Steamboats improved and in 1830s railroad lines starting (B&O first in 1830) Samuel Morse invents telegraph in How does that change communication?

MORE INVENTIONS Cyrus McCormick – 1834 mechanical reaper Charles Goodyear – 1839 – vulcanization of rubber Elias Howe – 1846 – sewing machine (Isaac Singer improves it) John Deere – 1847 – steel plow

BIRTH OF UNIONS Early unions from Lowell Factory Girls 1834 – Factory Girls Assoc – Female Labor Reform Assoc. – Sarah Bagley Commonwealth v. Hunt – said Unions and strikes are lawful What is Collective Bargaining?

MEANWHILE IN THE SOUTH… “King Cotton” and the “peculiar institution” Planters control economy, politics, and society What about “plain folk?” -Over 90% did not own slaves -up-country farmers Slavery Urban vs. Rural slaves House vs. Field slaves Pidgin – slave language Sambo – accepted slavery myth of happy, old slave 1831 – Nat Turner’s rebellion – 55 whites killed

WHAT ABOUT WOMEN? How did the Industrial Revolution and Agricultural Revolution effect women? Good – Oberlin College (Ohio) – 1837, 1 st to accept females Bad – Cult of Domesticity

IMMIGRATION Where were the immigrants from in the early 1800s? What about in the mid- 1800s? 1840s Irish Potato famine German economic and political changes What is the difference between Irish and German immigrants in treatment? Why? Nativism American (Know-Nothing) Party Where do they settle? Why not in South? What is the effect of factory conditions?

REFLECTION QUESTIONS What ways were the following Presidents like Jackson and different from Jackson (Van Buren, Harrison, Tyler)? How did inventions help farmers and women? How is Henry Clay’s influence shown in the 1830s and 1840s? Why are there 3 rd parties and why were the ones in the mid 1800s formed?

LINKS – Tippecanoe and Tyler Too 757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=53&feature=plcphttp:// 757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=53&feature=plcp – review video, industrialization 57tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=51&feature=plcphttp:// 57tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=51&feature=plcp – review video, south wrelhttp:// wrel – presidents song