Management Process Model

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Presentation transcript:

Management Process Model linking management desired processes functions conditions Planning Manager Communications Organizing Coordination Goals Decision Making Leading Adaptation Controlling

Types of Communication Extra-Organizational Inter-Organizational Intra-Organizational Interpersonal Intrapersonal

Nature of Communications Formal Informal Communication Directions Downward Upward Horizontal Diagonal

Communication Patterns Chain Wheel Circle Star (All channel)

Media Used Low High Media Richness Media: Written Oral Nonverbal Formal Letters Tele- Video- Face to Reports Memos E-mail phone Conf. Face Low High Media Richness Media: Written Oral Nonverbal

Channel Advantages & Disadvantages Permanent record Personal Premeditated Two-way Easily disseminated Fast feedback Impersonal No record One-way Spontaneous Slow feedback Dissemination Diff. Adv. Disadv. Low High Channel Richness

Nonverbal Communication ( ) Message Meaning Verbal vocal nonverbal content cues communication + + = f Paralanguage Kinesics Proxemics Object Language

Functions of Nonverbal Communication 1. Can serve to repeat a message 2. Can complement a verbal message 3. Can accent a verbal message 4. Can substitute for verbal cues 5. Can regulate verbal communication 6. Can contradict verbal messages

The Communication Process Ideation Encoding Transmission Receiving Decoding Action Feedback

Barriers to Communication Stage Affected A. Interpersonal Barriers Poor listening Receiving Semantics Encoding & decoding Interpersonal Relations Encoding & Inconsistent cues Decoding Inappropriate media Receiving &

B. Organizational Barriers Status/Power Differences Encoding & Stage Affected B. Organizational Barriers Status/Power Differences Encoding & decoding Communication Flow Network Breakdown Transmission & receiving Information Overload Any stage Time Pressures Any stage Noise Any stage

Stage Affected C. Cultural Barriers Language Encoding & decoding Customs Meaning of Time Decoding Meaning of Space Decoding

Types of Theoretical Perspectives Communication Traditional Behavioral Modern Levels of Analysis Extraorganizational X Interorganizational X Intraorganizational X X X Interpersonal X X Intrapersonal X X Nature of Communications Formal X X Informal X X Direction of Communications Downward X X X Upward X X Lateral X X Diagonal X Media Used Written X X X Oral X X Nonverbal X X Electronic X