Chapter 1.1 Notes Section 1 Pages A ll living things are connected in a web of life 2. Ecology =study of interactions of organisms 3. An organism’s e environment i is anything that affects the organism. That includes its food, water, shelter, and anything else to help it grow. 4. An organism’s _Habitat is the environment that the organism lives in and provides all of its needs.

5. Two parts of the environment 1. biotic –living things that interact in an environment 2. abiotic- nonliving things in an environment: Sunlight, soil, temperature, oxygen, and water 6. What are the 5 different levels in the environment? 1. organism 4.ecosystem 2. population 5.biosphere 3. community

7.Populations=group of the same animals living in the same area 8. The individuals in a population compete with one another for food, nesting space, 9. Communities=all the different populations living together 10. What do the different populations in a community depend on each other for? Food, shelter, and many orther things

11. Ecosystem=community of living organisms and nonliving organisms 12. What would a ecologist examine in an ecosystem? how the organisms interact and the nonliving things interact 13. Biosphere=part of the earth where life exists

Section 2 pages Population cannot grow indefinitely because the environment contains only so much food, water, and living space.. food, water, and living space.. Populations can change size when members leave or join. Birth rate-number of births per 1000 Death rate-number of deaths per 1000 Scientists study why they might change.

Immigration and Emmigration Immigration- organisms move into Immigration- organisms move into Emmigration-organisms move out of ecosystem Emmigration-organisms move out of ecosystem This helps with population density= how many organisms are in a certain area and can survive This helps with population density= how many organisms are in a certain area and can survive

Limiting factors pg. 17 Limit a population because of Limit a population because of Weather conditions Weather conditions living Space living Space Food Food Water Water An area can only support so many animals and that is called its carrying capacity. An area can only support so many animals and that is called its carrying capacity.

Interactions of organisms 1.3 pps Natural Selection- an organism is better suited to live in that area as it has produced offspring who can survive better there Natural Selection- an organism is better suited to live in that area as it has produced offspring who can survive better there Adaptations-behaviors and physical characteristics that have enabled an organism to live in that area successfully. Adaptations-behaviors and physical characteristics that have enabled an organism to live in that area successfully.

How does natural selection result in adaptations being common in a population? When organisms that have an adaptation are more likely to survive and reproduce. The next generation or offspring will have that adaptation. When organisms that have an adaptation are more likely to survive and reproduce. The next generation or offspring will have that adaptation. Every organism has a variety or adaptations that are suited to its specific living conditions and help it survive. Every organism has a variety or adaptations that are suited to its specific living conditions and help it survive. NICHE- role of an organism in an environment-like producer, decomposer, prey, predator NICHE- role of an organism in an environment-like producer, decomposer, prey, predator

Competition and Predation pp Competition – compete for food, shelter, and water good for the habitat Competition – compete for food, shelter, and water good for the habitat Sometimes there is not competition and the animals can live together with out competing. Sometimes there is not competition and the animals can live together with out competing. Predator- Predator- Prey- Prey-

List the 3 groups of symbiotic relationships, define each one and give an example. List the 3 groups of symbiotic relationships, define each one and give an example. Symbiosis- any relationship in which two species live together and at least one benefits.pps mutualism-2.commensalism-3.parasitism-