Latitude and Longitude How do we find places on maps?

Pre-Assessment Can you… Draw and label a compass rose? Identify the Equator and Prime Meridian on a map?

Compass A compass is a tool that helps the user know what direction one is headed. On a map, a compass or a compass rose helps the user locate these directions.

Source: http://aerocompass.larc.nasa.gov Compass Rose The needle on a compass is magnetized to point to the earth's north magnetic pole. Thus with a compass, a person can roughly tell which direction they are headed. There are four major or cardinal directions on a compass- north, south, east & west. In between are the directions northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest. Direction Quiz Source: http://aerocompass.larc.nasa.gov

Directions The cardinal directions are north, south, east, and west. The intermediate directions are northeast, southeast, southwest and northwest. They help describe the location of places in relation to other places.

Latitude and Longitude The earth is divided into lots of lines called latitude and longitude.

Lines Longitude lines run north and south. Latitude lines run east and west. The lines measure distances in degrees. Latitude Longitude

Latitude Lines of Latitude run horizontally Lines of Latitude locate places North or South of the Equator. Latitude is measured in degrees. The Equator is 0 degrees Latitude. The North Pole is 90 degrees N Latitude, and the South Pole is 90 degrees S Latitude.

Where is 0 degree? Equator The equator is 0 degree latitude. It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole. Equator

Latitude North Pole South Pole 90 80 [ Lines of latitude are numbered from 0° at the equator to 90° N.L. at the North Pole. 70 60 50 40 30 20 ] Lines of latitude are numbered from 0° at the equator to 90° S.L. at the South Pole. 10 10 20 30 TEKS: Social Studies – 6.22 (A), Using social studies terminology correctly 7.22 (A), 8.31 (A) 40 50 60 70 80 90

Latitude The North Pole is at 90° N The South Pole is at 90° S 40° N is the 40° line of latitude north of the equator. 40° S is the 40° line of latitude south of the equator. The equator is at 0° latitude. It is neither north nor south. It is at the center between north and south. TEKS: Social Studies – 6.22 (A), Using social studies terminology correctly 7.22 (A), 8.31 (A)

Major lines of latitude North Pole Arctic Circle Tropic of Cancer Equator Tropic of Capricorn Antarctic Circle South Pole

Longitude Lines of Longitude run vertically. They are also called Meridians locate places East or West of the Prime Meridian. There are 180 degrees of east Longitude, and 180 degrees of west Longitude. The Prime Meridian is found in Greenwich, England and is 0 degrees Longitude.

Longitude Lines of longitude begin at the Prime Meridian. 60° E is the 60° line of longitude east of the Prime Meridian. 60° W is the 60° line of longitude west of the Prime Meridian. The Prime Meridian is located at 0°. It is neither east or west W E TEKS: Social Studies – 6.22 (A), Using social studies terminology correctly 7.22 (A), 8.31 (A)

Longitude 180° N North Pole W E West Longitude East Longitude PRIME MERIDIAN S Lines of longitude are numbered east from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line and west from the Prime Meridian to the 180° line. TEKS: Social Studies – 6.22 (A), Using social studies terminology correctly 7.22 (A), 8.31 (A)

Where is 0 degree? The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica. P R I M E D A N

A location’s coordinates (____° N or S, ____ ° E or W)

Application N W E S North America is in the Northern Hemisphere because it is north of the Equator. North America is in the Western Hemisphere because it is west of the Prime Meridian. TEKS: Social Studies – 6.3 (B), Posing and answering questions about geographic distributions and patterns 6.22 (A), Using social studies terminology correctly 7.22 (A), 8.31 (A)

GLOBE SAYS This game follows the same rules as “Simon Says” Body parts represent the major lines of latitude Top of head – North Pole Ears – Arctic Circle Shoulders – Tropic of Cancer Waist – Equator Knees – Tropic of Capricorn Shins – Antarctic Circle Toes – South Pole

Hemispheres By using the equator and prime meridian, we can divide the world into four hemispheres, north, south, east, and west.

Map Legends The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the map. Religions Legend

Can you understand this legend?

Age Expectancy Legend

Legend Reading Activities What You Can Learn From A Map What do Maps Show Activity Road Map Road Map Legend Road Map of Salt Lake City Region Map Worksheet

Summary 1.What do lines of Latitude and Longitude combine to make? A grid. 2.Compare and Contrast Latitude and Longitude. Latitude- horizontal, north- south, parallels Longitude- vertical, east-west, meridians 3.What is 0 degrees Latitude? Equator 4.What is 0 degrees Longitude? Prime Meridian 5.How many time zones do we have in the U.S.A.? 4- Eastern, Central, Mountain, Pacific 6. Explain the difference between Local Time, and Universal Time. Local time- used everyday Universal Time- is used for a planetary event, or for astronomy