Economic Restructuring & the Informational City, cont.

First – a message re the remaining semester Project #3 – make an appointment now Attendance, Readings & Class Mid-term

Mid-term Grades Percent based on 80 points A = 72-80(12) A = 72-80(12) B = (8) B = (8) C = (4) C = (4) D = (4) D = (4) F – below 47 (1) F – below 47 (1)

Economic Restructuring From 1973 – why? Winners & losers -? Sector of economy Sector of economy Regional implications Regional implications Enabling technologies -?

Globalization Economic – theorizes that local economy linked to global economy; Economic – theorizes that local economy linked to global economy; World Systems – Wallerstein’s theory of core & periphery (1974) World Systems – Wallerstein’s theory of core & periphery (1974) Global economy goods & services produced & marketed by oligopolistic web of global corporate networks (only loosely regulated by nation-states) Global economy goods & services produced & marketed by oligopolistic web of global corporate networks (only loosely regulated by nation-states) Cultural – Questions the extent to which local cultures influences by western cultural expansion Cultural – Questions the extent to which local cultures influences by western cultural expansion

World Cities Patrick Geddes – coined term in 1915; cities that influence ideas & business throughout world Distinction between world cities & megacities - ? World City hypothesis – John Friedmann & G. Wolff (1982)

World Cities Hypothesis: “Way of asking questions about a class of cities” Commanding nodes of global economy Not all portions of the world tied into global spatial economy [These areas live in subsistence economy] Large, urbanized regions defined by dense patterns of interaction rather than by political- administrative boundaries Hierarchy of spatial “articulations” [World Cities as command & control centers of global system] Cosmopolitan culture associated with world cities

London as Global City

Victorian England/ Late 20 th Cent.

Yuppies vs. Yuffies Terms coined in 1980s Yuppie Yuffie (British) DINK; LOMBARD (British)

Informational City Development of new international & intermetropolitan divisions of labor Informational city – degree to which city is ‘hooked in’ (sociologist - Manuel Castells) “space of flows” vs. space of relative location