Titanium Martina Tycová Tereza Mlatečková

Discovery of titanium was discovered by William Gregor in 1791 first was named by Martin Klaprothem in 1795 is never found in elemental form (only in alloys and compounds)

Occurrence Titanium is seventh most widespread metal in earth crust. Titanium is included in minerals. ilmenit FeTiO 3 rutil TiO 2 widespread – rozšířený crust - kůra

ilmenit FeTiO 3 crystal structures perowskit CaTiO 3 rutil TiO 2

Properties hard, light, tenacious, resistent to extremes of temperature, corrosion and salt water soluble in concentrate acids and insoluble in water extremely brittle, malleable, ductile strong as steel, but lighter; twice strong than aluminium tenacious – houževnatý malleable – kujný ductile – tažný brittle - křehký NameTitanium SymbolTi Atomic number22 Atomic mass47,867 Melting point1660°C Boiling point3287°C Crystal structurehexagonal Colorsilverish

Industrial production TiCl 4 + 2Mg -> Ti + 2MgCl 2 Compounds TiO 2 - known as titanium white - used for white covering pigment TiCl 4 –interproduct of manufacture of elementary titanium

Usage for alloys – aluminium, molybdenon, manganese, iron and other metals solar observatories paint as excellent reflector of infrared radiation missiles, space capsules (=Apollo) aircraft – components, engines, fire walls, outer skin, airframes missile – řízená střela engine – motor airframe – kostra letadla capsule – kabina

surgery - replacement for joints, bone and cartilage - pipe and tank lining in food processing - teeth replacement - náhrada cartilage - chrupavka joints - klouby tank lining – vložka do žaludku

jewellery – rings, earrings, watches.. dishes – pans, frying pans, pot, saucepan other usage – gun, spanner, spigot.. spigot – pípa spanner - klíč

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