The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea Chapter 11, part B The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea

The  (beta) Proteobacteria  Proteobacteria include chemoautotrophs and chemoheterotrophs. Members of this sub-phylum are found in soil and water and some are human pathogens. They generally derive nutrients from decomposition of organic material.

The  (beta) Proteobacteria Thiobacillus Chemoautotrophic, oxidize sulfur: H2S  SO42– Sphaerotilus Chemoheterotophic, form sheaths Figure 11.5

The  (beta) Proteobacteria Neisseria Chemoheterotrophic, cocci N. meningitidis N. gonorrhoeae Spirillum Chemoheterotrophic, helical Figure 11.4 & 6

The  (beta) Proteobacteria Bordetella Chemoheterotrophic, rods B. pertussis Bordetella is the most common cause of tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) in dogs. Zoogloea. Slimy masses in aerobic sewage-treatment processes sprinkler systems

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Largest subgroup of proteobacteria. Varied physiology, include the orders Pseudomonadales, Legionellales, Vibrionales, Enterobacteriales, and Pasteurellales.

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Pseudomonadales: Pseudomonas Opportunistic pathogens Metabolically diverse Polar flagella Often produce water soluble pigments Plant and animal pathogen Figure 11.7

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Legionellales: Legionella Found in streams, warm-water pipes, cooling towers L. pneumophilia Hartmannella vermiformis amoeba filled with Legionella pneumophila (Photo: Holland/Özel, Robert Koch-Institut) Figure 24.15b

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Vibrionales: Found in coastal water Vibrio cholerae causes cholera “rice water stool” V. parahaemolyticus causes gastroenteritis Figure 11.8

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Enterobacteriales (enterics): Facultatively anaerobic; Peritrichous flagella Enterobacter Erwinia Escherichia Klebsiella Proteus Salmonella Serratia Shigella Yersinia

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Figure 11.9a, b

Salmonella Salmonella enterica Hundreds of serotypes Often named by place of origin Poultry / eggs? salmonellosis Salmonella typhi Typhoid Mary and typhoid fever An illustration of Typhoid Mary that appeared in 1909 in The New York American.(Public Domain)

More enterics Escherichia E. coli Serratia marcescens Nosocomial infections Red pigment Shigella Bacillary dysentery or shigellosis Proteus Swarming colonies - UTI Yersinia Plague, Black Death Vectored by flea Large capsule Erwinia Plant soft rot Enterobacter UTI

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Pasteurellales: Pasteurella Cause pneumonia and septicemia humans can acquire the organism from dog or cat bites. Patients tend to exhibit swelling, cellulitis, and some bloody drainage at the wound site. Haemophilus Haemophilus "loves heme", more specifically it requires a precursor of heme in order to grow http://textbookofbacteriology.net/haemophilus.html

The  (gamma) Proteobacteria Francisella Chemoheterotrophic, tularemia “rabbit fever”