 Locate your group according to the number on your card…Then locate your specific note sheet according to the name on the back of your card.  If something big happened at school, how would people find out??? How does information spread?? BELLRINGER!!!

Objective: Enlightenm ent ideas challenged practices related to religious authority, monarchy, and absolutism. ENLIGHTENMENT AND ABSOLUTE MONARCHY

 Until the 1700s, people in general had accepted the rule of absolute monarchs.  The exception was England, where, beginning in 1215 with the Magna Carta, the rights of the monarchy had been limited.  But even in England, society was divided into strict social classes. ABSOLUTE MONARCHY DOMINATES THE LANDSCAPE

 Some European rulers became interested in the ideas of the Enlightenment.  They understood the usefulness of these ideas and accepted them, at least to a limited degree.  None of the so-called enlightened despots was willing to relinquish any of his or her power to the people.  Their style of governing became known as enlightened absolutism. ENLIGHTENED DESPOTS

Despots=Absolute Rulers ENLIGHTENED DESPOTS

 Had no intention of giving up any power  Changes made were motivated by two desires  They wanted to make countries stronger  They wanted their own rule to be more effective ENLIGHTENED DESPOTS

 Definition  1. a person in a condition of servitude, required to render services to a lord, commonly attached to the lord's land and transferred with it from one owner to another.  2. a slave.  Synonyms  1. vassal, villein, peasant. SERFS AND SERFDOM

 Read and analyze your Enlightened Despot “blurb” on page 2 of the foldable. ROUND ONE

 Fill in the appropriate columns for your Enlightened Despot.  Reform = Change  Enlightenment Thinker/Idea  Do not write in the wrong section!!!  This is a jigsaw – you are responsible for your piece of the group puzzle  Don’t be the weak link ROUND TWO

 We will start with Frederick and work our way down the table.  Teach the group!!!! Do not just sit there and pass around the paper.  You are the expert!  You will have 4 minutes to teach each person.  Work Efficiently!! TEACHING ROUNDS

 Take out your foldable from yesterday’s activity, as well as a piece of notebook paper...  Pass your foldable to the person on your right. We are going to quickly proof read the journal. 1.Write down one thing they did well 2.Write down one thing they could improve (honest but respectful)  Pass back the foldables and review what your partner wrote. BELL RINGER!!!

FREDERICK THE GREAT

 Prussia  Late 1700s  Influenced by the works of Voltaire FREDERICK THE GREAT

 Undertook public works projects to put more land into cultivation and to introduce new crops  These reforms made the peasant farmers more prosperous and enriched Prussia. FREDERICK THE GREAT

 Introduced civil service system into the Prussian government  By reorganizing the government according to principles of efficiency and rationality, Frederick actually strengthened his own control over the government and the nation. FREDERICK THE GREAT

 Granted many religious freedoms, reduced censorship, and improved education  Reformed the justice system and abolished the use of torture.  Which Enlightened thinkers are represented? FREDERICK THE GREAT

 Changes only went so far  For example, he believed serfdom was wrong, but he did nothing to end it since he needed the support of wealthy landowners (Nobles/Estates)  He never tried to change the existing social order  The main purpose of Frederick’s reforms was to make himself more powerful. FREDERICK THE GREAT

CATHERINE THE GREAT

 Russia  Late 1700s  Admired the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers CATHERINE THE GREAT

 Formed a commission to review Russia’s laws  Proposal for reforms based on the ideas of Montesquieu and Beccaria.  Among the changes, she recommended allowing religious toleration and abolishing torture and capital punishment.  Her commission, however, accomplished none of these lofty goals CATHERINE THE GREAT

 When she first came to the throne, she had hoped to free the serfs  What happened that caused Catherine to change her mind on freeing the serfs? CATHERINE THE GREAT

 Most Radical JOSEPH II

 Austria  Late 1700s.  Began wide-ranging program of social, economic, and religious reforms based on Enlightenment ideas. JOSEPH II

 Ended serfdom (Most Radical Idea)  Attempted to diminish the power of the nobles and the Roman Catholic Church JOSEPH II

 Legal Reforms  Freedom of press  Supported freedom of worship  What Enlightenment Thinkers???? JOSEPH II

 The nobles and church firmly resisted these changes.  Unfortunately, only a few of his reforms continued after his death. (Serfdom Re-Instated) JOSEPH II

 In the end, the ideals of the enlightenment proved to be incompatible with the realities of absolute rule. ENLIGHTENED DESPOTS

 On your blank sheet of notebook paper…  Write your name at the far top right.  In the left margin, write and number the words: 1.Scientific Revolution 2.Heliocentric Theory 3.Age of Enlightenment 4.John Locke 5.Montesquieu 6.Beccaria 7.Enlightened Despots  Compose a quick essay using each of these words, but………………….. PARTNER QUICK WRITE

 You will not be able to keep your own paper the entire time.  You will pass the papers to the left on the sound of the bell  You will have more time to write with each round.  Cross out the words as they are used. PARTNER QUICK WRITE