Phonics Workshop How to support your child’s reading and writing. Thorpe Lea Primary School and Nursery Monday 21 st September 2015 Rachel McRae – Early Years Leader

Aims To develop knowledge and confidence of supporting your child’s phonetic understanding. To have a clear understanding of the terminology related to the teaching of phonics. To explore some activities you can use at home to support your child.

Phonics – Developmental Phases Phase 1 – developing phonological awareness Phase 2 – introduction of some phoneme/grapheme correspondence Phase 3 – one grapheme for each of 44 phonemes Phase 4 – adjacent consonants Phase 5 – alternative pronunciation and spellings Phase 6 – Support for spelling/spelling rules

Terminology Phoneme – the smallest unit of sound in a word Grapheme – a letter or sequence of letters that represent a phoneme. 123 cat bird fish knight These words each have three phonemes (separate sounds). Each of these phonemes is represented by a grapheme. A grapheme may consist of one, two, three or four letters.

Oral blending: Hearing a series of spoken sounds (phonemes) and merging them together to make a spoken word. No text is used. For example, when a teacher calls out ‘b-u-s or c-r-ay-o-n, the children say ‘bus’ or ‘crayon’. Terminology Blending Merging the individual phonemes together to pronounce a word. To read unfamiliar words a child must recognise (sound out) each grapheme, not each letter, then merge the phonemes together to make a word. Segmentation Hear and say the individual phonemes within a word. In order to spell, children need to segment a word into its component phonemes and choose a grapheme to represent each phoneme.

Terminology Digraph: Two letters which make one sound (phoneme) such as: ee oo ai Trigraph: Three letters, which make one sound (phoneme) such as: igh dge ear

Teaching phonics - enunciation When teaching and supporting phonics it is vital that phonemes are articulated clearly and precisely.

Phase One Environmental Sounds Instrumental Sounds Body Percussion Rhythm and Rhyme Alliteration Voice Sounds Oral Blending and Segmenting (see attached sheet)

By the end of Phase 2 children should: Be able to give the sound when shown, any Phase 2 letter: s, a, t, p, i, n (19 sounds). Be able to orally blend and segment CVC words Be able to read the five tricky words: the, to, I, no, go

Strategies at home Sound buttons Initial sounds Toy talk Phonic games Sudo words Shopping lists, postcards, letters, treasure maps

Phase Three Completes the teaching of the alphabet Introduces the children to a further 25 graphemes mostly compromising of 2 letters To learn one representation for each of the 44 phonemes

Homework files and Phonic Support Phonic Workbook Phonic pack Reading diaries and books Homework Wow cards Reading Eggs