Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-1 PowerPoint to accompany Essentials of Medical Language Allan, Lockyer Chapter 9: The Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles The Essentials of the Languages of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-2 The Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Lesson 9.1: Shoulder Girdle, Arm, and Hand

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-3 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Shoulder girdle and upper arm

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-4 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Shoulder girdle and upper arm – common disorders of the shoulder 1. rotator cuff tears 2. shoulder separation 3. shoulder dislocation 4. shoulder subluxation

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-5 Word Analysis and Definition Identify and define the root elements for the following terms: – articulate – dislocation – pectoral – subluxation

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-6 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Upper arm and elbow joint – common disorders of the elbow 1. tennis elbow 2. ligament strains 3. bone fractures

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-7 Word Analysis and Definition Identify the correct term from the following definitions: – a muscle that flexes the forearm – a large, fan-shaped muscle connecting the scapula and clavicle to the humerus – the widest muscle in the back – the forearm (bone) on the thumb side

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-8 Word Analysis and Definition Decompose the following terms into their elements: – biceps – brachialis – deltoid – ulnar – triceps brachii

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-9 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Wrist and hand – bones

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-10 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Wrist and hand – common disorders of the wrist 1. ganglion cyst 2. stenosing tenosynovitis 3. carpal tunnel syndrome 4. Colles fracture

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-11 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Wrist and hand – common disorders of the hand 1. osteoarthritis (OA) - Heberden nodes 2. rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-12 Word Analysis and Definition Define the following root elements: – arthr – carp – oste/o – ten/o – phalang/e

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-13 Word Analysis and Definition Define the following Latin terms: – dorsum back – thenar palm – phalanx bone of finger or toe

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-14 Word Analysis and Definition Identify the meaning of the following Greek terms: – cyst – ganglion – stenosis

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-15 Word Analysis and Definition Define the following abbreviations: – CTS – OA – RA

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-16 The Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Lesson 9.2: Pelvic Girdle, Leg, and Foot

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-17 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Pelvic girdle – structure – functions 1. Supports the axial skeleton. 2. Transmits the upper body’s weight through to the lower limbs. 3. Provides attachments for the lower limbs. 4. Protects internal organs

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-18 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Pelvic girdle – disorders of the pelvic girdle 1. sacroiliac joint strain 2. diastasis symphysis pubis

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-19 Word Analysis and Definition Define the term and write it in the adjective form: – femur femoral – pelvis pelvic – pubis pubic

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-20 Word Analysis and Definition Define the term and write it in the adjective form: – ischium ischial – sacrum sacral

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-21 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Bones, joints, and muscles of the hip and thigh – disorders and injuries of the hip joint 1. hip pointer 2. osteoarthritis 3. rheumatoid arthritis 4. avascular necrosis 5. fractures

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-22 Word Analysis and Definition Give the common name of the following Latin and Greek terms: – gluteus – maximus – medius – minimus – necrosis – prosthesis

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-23 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles The knee joint – bones 1. femur 2. tibia 3. patella 4. fibula

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-24 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Bones, joints, and muscles of the knee and thigh – thigh muscles 1. quadriceps 2. hamstrings

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-25 Word Analysis and Definition Put the terms in correct anatomical order from head to toe: – tibia – femur – pubis – fibula – patella

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-26 Word Analysis and Definition Define the term and write it in the plural form: – meniscus menisci – patella patellae

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-27 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles The knee joint – surgical procedures of the knee © Charles McRae, M.D./Visuals Unlimited

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-28 Word Analysis and Definition Identify and define the root and suffix of the following terms: – arthrocentesis – arthrodesis – arthrography – arthroplasty – arthroscopy

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-29 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Bones, joints, and muscles of the lower leg, ankle, and foot – disorders of the ankle and foot 1. bunions 2. strains and sprains 3. Pott fracture

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-30 Appendicular Skeleton, Joints, and Muscles Bones, joints, and muscles of the lower leg, ankle, and foot – disorders of the ankle and foot 4. Achilles tendonitis 5. plantar fasciitis 6. clubfoot

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-31 Word Analysis and Definition Give the common name of the following medical terms: – calcaneus – gastrocnemius muscle – talus – metatarsus

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-32 Joint Movement Joint movement – flexion and extension of joints flexion (bending) extension (straightening) coronal plane anterior posterior

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-33 Joint Movement Joint movement – abduction and adduction of joints –abduction movement away from the midline –adduction movement toward the midline

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-34 Joint Movement Joint movement – rotation of joints – pronation and supination

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-35 Joint Movement Joint movement – circumduction of joints – inversion and eversion

Copyright 2010 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display 9-36 Word Analysis and Definition List the opposite action to the terms listed below: – adduction abduction – extension flexion – prone supine