World development and interdependence compilation

What is development?

Development Development means ''improvement in a country's economic and social conditions''. Development means ''improvement in a country's economic and social conditions''. It refers to improvements in how we manage natural and human resources in order to create wealth and improve people's lives. It refers to improvements in how we manage natural and human resources in order to create wealth and improve people's lives.

What do we measure when we compare the development of countries? How do we compare them?

Differences Geographers often compare levels of development in between different countries or regions. Geographers often compare levels of development in between different countries or regions. Development can be measured in terms of either economic or human development. Development can be measured in terms of either economic or human development. Ways of measuring development are called development indicators. Ways of measuring development are called development indicators.

UN Human Development Report 2007 High human development High human development Medium human development Medium human development Low human development Low human development Unavailable

What is the difference between the level of development and rate of growth? What is the most basic pattern of development? Why are we interested in the past?

Measuring development We are interested in levels of development and rates of growth - we compare certain important characteristics We are interested in levels of development and rates of growth - we compare certain important characteristics We map differences and look at similarities and patterns We map differences and look at similarities and patterns We measure how developed one country is compared to other countries, or to the same country in the past. We measure how developed one country is compared to other countries, or to the same country in the past.

What are MEDCs? What are LEDCs? Where are they located?

North and South MEDCs are countries which have a high standard of living, more industrialised and (usually) a large GDP. LEDCs are less industrialised countries with a low standard of living and (usually) a much lower GDP. MEDCs are countries which have a high standard of living, more industrialised and (usually) a large GDP. LEDCs are less industrialised countries with a low standard of living and (usually) a much lower GDP. The following map shows the locations of most LEDCs and MEDCs. Notice how most of the southern hemisphere is less developed, while most countries of the northern hemisphere are more developed. The following map shows the locations of most LEDCs and MEDCs. Notice how most of the southern hemisphere is less developed, while most countries of the northern hemisphere are more developed.

LEDCs and MEDCs

What does it mean causes? What does it mean consequences?

Causes and consequences we try to explain what the reasons for differences are - causes we try to explain what the reasons for differences are - causes and what the results of these differences are consequences and what the results of these differences are consequences

What is economic development? What is human development?

Measuring development Economic development is a measure of how wealthy a country is - and of how this wealth is generated (e.g. agriculture is considered less economically advanced then banking). Human development measures the extent to which people have access to wealth, jobs, knowledge, nutrition, health, leisure and safety - as well as political and cultural freedom. Human development measures the extent to which people have access to wealth, jobs, knowledge, nutrition, health, leisure and safety - as well as political and cultural freedom.

What is the standard of living?

Standard of living quality and quantity of goods and services available to people, and the way these goods and services are distributed within a population quality and quantity of goods and services available to people, and the way these goods and services are distributed within a population

What is the quality of life?

Quality of life is the satisfaction of people with their environment and the way of life is the satisfaction of people with their environment and the way of life it includes health, diet, as well as protection against pain and disease, stress, freedom, safety, pleasure... it includes health, diet, as well as protection against pain and disease, stress, freedom, safety, pleasure...

What are the main development indicators?

Development indicators Health. Do all the people in a country have access to medical care? What level of healthcare is available - basic or advanced? Is it free or paid for? Health. Do all the people in a country have access to medical care? What level of healthcare is available - basic or advanced? Is it free or paid for? Industry. What type of industry predominates? LEDCs tend to focus more on primary industries, such as farming, fishing and mining. MEDCs focus on secondary industries, such as manufacturing. The most advanced countries - more on tertiary industries - services businesses, such as banking and information technology. Industry. What type of industry predominates? LEDCs tend to focus more on primary industries, such as farming, fishing and mining. MEDCs focus on secondary industries, such as manufacturing. The most advanced countries - more on tertiary industries - services businesses, such as banking and information technology. Education. Do all the people in a country have access education? Is it free? What level of education is available (ie primary education, secondary education or further/higher education)? Education. Do all the people in a country have access education? Is it free? What level of education is available (ie primary education, secondary education or further/higher education)?

What is it GNP? What is it GDP? What is it GNP per capita?

Economic development indicators The most important of these indicators are: The most important of these indicators are: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the wealth or income of a country. GDP is the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the wealth or income of a country. GDP is the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year. Gross National Product (GNP) is another measure of a country's wealth or income. GNP measures the total economic output of a country, including earnings from foreign investments which are not included in GDP. Gross National Product (GNP) is another measure of a country's wealth or income. GNP measures the total economic output of a country, including earnings from foreign investments which are not included in GDP. GNP per capita is a country's GNP divided by its population. (Per capita means per person.) GNP per capita is a country's GNP divided by its population. (Per capita means per person.)

Global GNP per capita

Gross Domestic Product

What is it economic growth? What is inequality of wealth ? What is inflation?

Economic development indicators Economic growth measures the annual increase in GDP, GNP, GDP per capita, or GNP per capita. Economic growth measures the annual increase in GDP, GNP, GDP per capita, or GNP per capita. Inequality of wealth is an indication of the gap in wealth and income between a country's richest and poorest people. (eg, the proportion of a country's wealth owned by the richest 10% of the population, compared with the proportion owed by the remaining 90%). Inequality of wealth is an indication of the gap in wealth and income between a country's richest and poorest people. (eg, the proportion of a country's wealth owned by the richest 10% of the population, compared with the proportion owed by the remaining 90%). Inflation measures how much the prices of goods, services and wages are increasing each year. High inflation (above a few percent) is believed by many to be a bad thing, and suggests a government lacks of control over the economy. Inflation measures how much the prices of goods, services and wages are increasing each year. High inflation (above a few percent) is believed by many to be a bad thing, and suggests a government lacks of control over the economy.

How does unemployment influence level of development? What does economic structure show us ? What are demographics?

Economic development indicators Unemployment is measured by the number of people who cannot find work. Unemployment is measured by the number of people who cannot find work. Economic structure shows how a country's economy is divided between primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Economic structure shows how a country's economy is divided between primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Demographics studies population growth and population structure. It compares birth rates to death rates, shows average ages, and compares numbers of people living in towns with numbers living in the countryside. Demographics studies population growth and population structure. It compares birth rates to death rates, shows average ages, and compares numbers of people living in towns with numbers living in the countryside. (Many LEDCs have a younger, faster-growing population than MEDCs, with more people living in the countryside than in towns.) (Many LEDCs have a younger, faster-growing population than MEDCs, with more people living in the countryside than in towns.)

What are human development indicators? Why do we use it?

Human development indicators Development often takes place in an uneven way, resulting in some countries being more developed in some ways than in others. Development often takes place in an uneven way, resulting in some countries being more developed in some ways than in others. A country with a very high GDP - for example, from the exploitation of rich oil reserves - while segments of the population still live in poverty, and lack access to basic education, health, and decent housing. A country with a very high GDP - for example, from the exploitation of rich oil reserves - while segments of the population still live in poverty, and lack access to basic education, health, and decent housing. Human development indicators measure the non-economic aspects of a country's development and help to give a more balanced view of what constitutes development. Human development indicators measure the non-economic aspects of a country's development and help to give a more balanced view of what constitutes development.