Page 53 Changes in State

What are molecules? the smallest particle of a compound

What are atoms? the smallest particle of an element. Atoms and molecules are always in motion.

Temperature At higher temperatures (HOT), atoms move faster. At lower temperatures (COLD), atoms move slower.

FLASHBACK What is temperature, anyway? Temperature is a measure of the average energy of molecules and is related to their average velocity (speed).

What are the states of matter? solid, liquid, gas, or plasma. Molecules in solids, liquids, and gases vibrate (move) differently depending on the temperature.

Solids: A solid has a definite shape and definite size. Molecules vibrate, but cannot change position.

Liquids have a definite volume, but no definite shape. Molecules move over and around each other. Liquids:

A gas has no definite volume or shape. It will spread out to fill its container. Molecules move around freely and are widely separated from each other. Gases:

When molecules are super-heated and lose their outer layer Exists on the sun, in neon lights, and when you see lightning. Plasma:

solid to a liquid. Different substances have different melting point temperatures. What is melting?

a liquid to a solid. The freezing point of a substance is the same temperature as its melting point. What is freezing?

a liquid to a gas. Different substances have different boiling point temperatures. What is boiling?

a liquid to a gas. occurs at room temperature and at the surface of the liquid. Evaporation is not the same as boiling. Boiling occurs at a higher temperature and occurs within the fluid. What is evaporation? What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?

a gas to a liquid. The condensation point of a substance is the same temperature as its boiling point. What is condensation?

changes directly from a solid to a gas. What is sublimation? Example: Dry ice

from a gas to a solid. Example: Water vapor in the freezer becomes frost. What is deposition?

At lower air pressure (higher altitude), water boils at a lower temperature. Freezing points are also affected. How does pressure affect state changes?

What is a triple point? When temperature and pressure allow a substance to exist 3 states at once.

What time is it… SUMMARY TIME ! YOU HAVE 3 MINUTES TO SUMMARIZE AT LEAST 5 THINGS YOU LEARNED TODAY. MAKE SURE YOU WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES.

What time is it… SUMMARY TIME ! YOU HAVE 2 MINUTES TO SUMMARIZE AT LEAST 5 THINGS YOU LEARNED TODAY. MAKE SURE YOU WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES.

What time is it… SUMMARY TIME ! YOU HAVE 1 MINUTES TO SUMMARIZE AT LEAST 5 THINGS YOU LEARNED TODAY. MAKE SURE YOU WRITE IN COMPLETE SENTENCES.

freezingSOLIDLIQUID GAS

Fill out your Bingo Card! Molecules Atoms Solid Liquid Gas Plasma Temperature Pressure Triple Point Melting Freezing Sublimation Deposition Condensation Evaporation Element Compound Homogeneous Mixture Heterogeneous Mixture Matter Substance