© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Recommendations for Collection and Recycling Performance Metrics Jennifer Nash Director, Policy and Programs Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. Driving Results Through Performance Measurement National Product Stewardship Forum/ 2009 NW Hazardous Materials Conference June 3, 2009

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Why Measure Performance? Motivate performance improvement Facilitate comparison and learning Demonstrate commitment to program outcomes Satisfy regulatory requirements 2

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June Characteristics of Sound Performance Metrics  Relevant: Measure progress toward stated goals  High Quality: Underlying data are credible and reliable  Easy to Use: No huge investment of time and resources required  Transparent & Accessible: Data and assumptions are available for public analysis and debate  Widely Accepted: Enable comparison among programs  Adaptable: Can be updated as more is learned

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Recommended Performance Indicators Adapted from Stratos Performance Measurement and Reporting for Extended Producer Responsibility Programs Performance Category Key Indicator Convenience/Accessibility Proximity of target population to collection drop-off Product collection Absolute collection relative to baseline Collection rate Absolute collection per capita Post-collection managementRecycling rate 4

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Performance Category: Convenience/Accessibility Refers to proximity of collection points to intended service population Measures potential of program to achieve results Location of Medical Sharps collection points in MA,

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Performance Category: Absolute Collection Refers to total amount of product collected Measures performance relative to base year RBRC Recycling Performance (pounds collected),

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Performance Category: Collection Rate Refers to: Amount collected Amount available for collection Measures program effectiveness in capturing products that can harm environment and health 7

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Batteries: Approaches to calculating number available for collection ProponentData sourceAssumptions & Performance Environment Canada Per capita sales data from German manufacturers; Global Industry Analysts Battery weights, lifespans, and consumer hoarding behavior. Recycling rate (2005) = 2% for primary batteries, 6% for rechargeables EUBattery sales data from national organizations of battery manufacturers and importers 3-year average of battery sales are an appropriate proxy for batteries available for collection. Collection rate (2005) = 52% in Belgium, 23% in France, 3% in Hungary RBRCThe total mass of batteries disposed as determined from landfill deposit samples All rechargeable batteries that are not recycled eventually reach the MSW stream Analysis of landfill deposits is a credible and reliable way to measure disposal. Batteries comprise about.14% of the municipal solid waste stream in the US and Canada,.02% in Europe 8

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Fluorescent Lamps: Approaches to calculating number available for collection (Source: NEMA Special Statistical Report for MA) Data sourceAssumptions Historic national sales data, provided by manufacturers through NEMA Average lifespans of: Commercial linear lamps (5 years) Residential linear lamps (15 years) Residential CFLs (6 years) Recycling rate in Massachusetts = 44% 9

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Mercury Thermostats: Approaches to calculating number available for collection ProponentData sourceAssumptions Maine DEPUS Census: # of residential and commercial buildings Residential buildings contain 1.5 thermostats and commercial buildings contain 1.25 thermostats Thermostat lifespan is 30 years 83 % of thermostats contain mercury PSIFrost & Sullivan: # of thermostats sold for replacement 50-90% of thermostats contain mercury (precise percentage to be determined through PSI contractor survey) King Co, WASurvey of commercial buildings in King County Thermostat lifespan is 50 years Collection rate varies from.01 to 15% 10

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June Performance Category: Absolute Collection per capita Refers to total amount of product collected relative to size of target population Measures program reach State TRC Mercury Thermostat Collections (2007)Per Capita Return Maine Minnesota Washington Pennsylvania Connecticut California New York Colorado Arkansas Georgia

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Performance Category: Post-Collection Management Refers to ultimate fate of products collected Measures environmental impact of program Post-collection management (reuse, recycling, incineration, and landfill) is a critical performance dimension for batteries, paint, electronics, and carpet… Less contentious for lamps and thermostats, although that may be changing… 12

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 Conclusions Performance measurement is necessary and possible Performance measurement motivates program improvements and enables comparison and competition Convenience/accessibility, product collection, and post-collection management are all critical to robust performance assessment – But the value of multiple metrics should not distract from the necessity of measuring collection and recycling rates “Waste-to-sales” is emerging as a metric of choice for calculating collection rates for many products – Requires assumptions about product use, lifespan, and consumer hoarding behavior – EU states assess manufacturer collection fees based on their share of product sales. In these jurisdictions, PSOs have ready access to sales data Metrics should be adaptable as experience evolves and conditions change 13

© Product Stewardship Institute, Inc. June 2009 For more information… Jennifer Nash, Director of Policy and Programs Product Stewardship Institute