Ch. 3 Settling the Northern Colonies Part II: pages 53-60

New Netherlands – New York 1609 – Hudson (English) employed by the Dutch to explore Delaware Bay and New York Bay and current Hudson River. New Netherland – established

New Netherlands – New York Established by Dutch West India Co. – this is the company that bought Manhattan Island from the Indians. New Amsterdam (NYC) – primarily run for profit, not many freedoms, not very democratic.

New Netherlands – New York By 1664 – half the population was English. Charles II grants claim to his brother, Duke of York. The Dutch don’t put up a fight – renamed New York.

Pennsylvania Quakers – Religious Society of Friends Disliked in England. Opposed the Church of England. Believed in “speaking up” in their meeting houses.

Pennsylvania Wore wide-brimmed hats – which they wouldn’t remove. Didn’t always address people appropriately. William Penn – Quaker 1681 – obtains land grant.

Pennsylvania The King called the land Pennsylvania or “Penn’s Woodlands.” Colony formally launched in Treated the Indians very fairly. Very liberal colony – representative assembly (elected by landowners).

Pennsylvania Guaranteed freedom of religion. No restrictions on immigration. Attracted a vast mix of settlers. Offered economic opportunity. Believed in civil liberties.

Pennsylvania By 1700, only Virginia and Massachusetts had larger populations and were more wealthy.

New Jersey 1664 – two noble proprietors received the land from the Duke of York. One of them sold his land to a group of Quakers in East NJ was also acquired by Quakers. In 1702 both were combined by the crown.

Delaware Named after De La Warr – granted its own assembly. Remained under the governorship of Pennsylvania until the Revolution.

The Middle Colonies New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania. Very fertile soil. PA, NY, NJ – “bread colonies” Many rivers – interior trade – furs.

The Middle Colonies Industry – shipbuilding In between the North and South: Medium sized farms Government Industry

The Middle Colonies Ethnically mixed population. People – enjoyed government control and religious freedom. Economic and social opportunity.

Similarities in the Colonies – mid 18 th Century All primarily English. Exercised many freedoms. Degree of self-government. Degree of religious toleration.

Similarities Educational opportunities. Opportunity for social and economic development. Separated from English authority by an ocean and 3,000 miles.