Deuterostomes and Chordates 1 BIOL 1407. Deuterostomes Phylum Echinodermata –Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, crinoids Phylum Chordata –Tunicates,

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Presentation transcript:

Deuterostomes and Chordates 1 BIOL 1407

Deuterostomes Phylum Echinodermata –Sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, crinoids Phylum Chordata –Tunicates, lancelets, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals

Phylum Echinodermata

Larvae: bilateral symmetry Adults: pentaradial symmetry Photo credit of pluteus larva: NOAA, 2001 Photo credit of adult brittle star: Larry Zetwoch, 1989, Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, NOAA

Water Vascular System Unique Hydraulic system used for feeding and locomotion Video of tube feet: atch?v=sMgfZj3DsXY&fea ture=related atch?v=sMgfZj3DsXY&fea ture=related Photo Credit: Dr. James P. McVey, NOAA Sea Grant Program

Phylum Chordata

Characteristics of Chordates Bilateral symmetry Triploblastic Coelomate Segmented

Other Chordate Characteristics Complete Digestive System Closed Circulatory System Respiratory System: Gills or Lungs Excretory System: Kidneys Centralized Nervous System

Unique Chordate Characteristics

Phylum Cephalochordata: Lancelets

Phylum Urochordata: Tunicates

Major Chordate Clades Craniates: Cranium –Vertebrates + Hagfishes Vertebrates: Vertebral Column –Gnathostomes: Jaws & Paired Appendages –Osteichthyans: Lung/Lung Derivatives –Lobe-finned Fishes: Limb Bone Pattern –Tetrapods: Four Well-Developed Limbs –Amniotes: Amniotic Egg

Hagfishes Craniates Head Simple cranium Not vertebrates

Characteristics of Vertebrates Vertebral Column Well- developed skull Photo Credit of Hippo skull: Raul654, 2005, Wikimedia Commons

Photo Credit for Platypus Skeleton at Melbourne Museum: Peter Halasz, 2006, Wikimedia Commons

Lampreys Vertebrates No jaws or paired appendages

Evolution of Jaws

Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous skeleton Jaws Present Paired Appendages

Osteichthyans Bony Skeleton Lung and Lung Derivatives Two Main Groups: –Ray-finned –Lobe-finned

Ray-Finned Fishes Fins are supported by fin rays Swim bladders Largest vertebrate group

Lobe-Finned Vertebrates Fins and limbs supported by internal bones and muscles

Photo Credit: Courtesy of Dennis Murphy, Devonian Times, Lobe-Fin Pattern

Video of Fish with Fingers:

The End Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from: Campbell, et al Biology, 8 th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.

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