PROTISTA

Protista Characteristics Eukaryote that is not an animal, plant, or fungus most unicellular, some multicellular heterotrophic, autotrophic or both Microscopic or large Sexual and asexual reproduction

3 Main groups plant like Protists –algae animal like Protists –protozoans fungus like Protists Protista

Plant like Protists algae microscopic to large autotrophs contain chlorophyll food source for fresh water and marine animals classified on color and structure Can be single celled or multicellular Always photosynthetic Protista

Plant like Protists 1.EUGLENOIDS Phylum Euglenophyta Single celled Swim with aid of flagella (1 or 2) Most freshwater, few ocean dwelling Animal and Plant Like Animal like: move easily, Pellicle: allows cell to change shape (inch worm) Plant like: most are photosynthetic Example: Euglena Protista

Plant like Protists 2. GOLDEN ALGAE Phylum Bacillariophyta Single celled Glass-like shells (like external skeleton, shape) Photosynthesis!!! Freshwater or marine Phytoplankton or growth on rocks, animals, etc. Well fossilized Example: diatoms Protista

3. GREEN ALGAE Phylum Chlorophyta Water or land Multicellular Photosynthetic Early ancestor to plants Have Chlorophyll (like plants) Cell wall made of cellulose (like plants) Not plants: no roots, stems, or leaves Example: volvox, spirogyra Plant like Protists Protista

4. BROWN ALGAE Phylum Phaeophyta Multicellular and can be very large Most photosynthetic but have different chlorophyll (c) (share this with diatoms) Some want brown algae to be own kingdom Example- Kelp Plant like Protists Protista

5. RED ALGAE Phylum Rhodophyta Most marine, some freshwater Use chlorophyll a for photosynthesis Some secrete calcium carbonate Used for human needs (agar, thickening agents, seaweed for sushi) Example: Chondrus crispus Plant like Protists Protista

6. DINOFLAGELLATES Phylum Dinoflagellata Single celled 90% are marine plankton Only half use photosynthesis 2 flagella for spiral movement Some are bioluminescent, some produce toxins (red tides), some live in a relationship with coral Example: dinoflagellates Plant like Protists Protista

Reproduction Sexually and asexually All can reproduce asexually –More complicated –Absorb flagella and undergo mitosis Alteration of generations Read pages

Animal like Protists protozoans (first animal) unicellular move classified by locomotion heterotrophic some actively trap food parasites Protista

1. AMOEBA Phylum Rhizopoda Single Celled, most microscopic Very flexible Form pseudopods to move: fake foot Ingestion by phagocytosis Live in freshwater, salt water, or soil Free-living and parasitic Ex: amoeba Animal like Protists Protista

2. CILATES Phylum Ciliophora Have cilia Some are parasites but most are free-living pond water protists Paramecium participate in conjugation Ex: paramecium Animal like Protists Protista

3. SPOROZOA Phylum Apicomplexa All are human parasites Many form sporozoites (infectious cells with tough outer coat) Ex: Plasmodium malariae, Giardia Animal like Protists Protista

4. FLAGELLATES Phylum Zoomastigophora One or more flagella during life Heterotrophic Beneficial: dissolve organic material Parasitic Form mutualistic relationships: termites Ex: Trypanosoma Animal like Protists Protista

Fungus like Protists heterotrophs change from unicellular to multicellular engulf by phagocytosis live on decaying matter - detrivore Decomposers Were once classified as fungi however, fungus like protists have movement, fungi do not Protista

1.Slime Mold 2 phyla: Myxomycota and Acrasiomycota Plasmodial Can be very large Movement like an amoeba Can form spores in harsh environments Cellular Common in soil Individual cell or swarm together in harsh environments Fungus like Protists Protista

2. Water Mold Phylum Oomycota Branching strands of cells Common in freshwater habitats Some are parasites: fish, potato blight Fungus like Protists Protista

zooplankton (protozoans)phytoplankton (algae) Plankton: Serve as a food source for other organisms Plant and Animal Like Protista