Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 1 This product was funded by a grant awarded under the President’s Community-Based Job Training Grants as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment & Training Administration. The information contained in this product was created by a grantee organization and does not necessarily reflect the official position of the U.S. Department of Labor. All references to non-governmental companies or organizations, their services, products, or resources are offered for informational purposes and should not be construed as an endorsement by the Department of Labor. This product is copyrighted by the institution that created it and is intended for individual organizational, non- commercial use only.

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 3 The Human Body Anatomy = structure Physiology = function

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 4 Body Positions Median (sagittal) plane divides body into left and right sides Proximal nearest to center Distal farthest from center

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 5 Body Positions (cont.) Frontal (coronal) plane : divides into anterior (front) and posterior (backside) Transverse plane : divides into superior (upper) and inferior (lower)

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 6 Body Systems Homeostasis = Balance or Equilibrium Metabolism = Making or Breaking Down

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 7 Two Forms of Metabolism Catabolism = complex substances into simpler substances Anabolism = using simple substances to build structures or components

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 8 Cell Structure All living organisms made of cells Specific cell types for specific functions

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 9 Tissues of the Body Epithelial tissue Connective tissue Muscle tissue 1. cardiac 2. skeletal 3. smooth muscle Nervous tissue

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 10 Integumentary System *Covers the body & lines body cavities Epidermis Dermis (contains blood vessels)

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 11 Skeletal System System of the body that supports movement 206 bones provide this support (Figure 3.5) Axial skeleton: spinal column &supporting structures Appendicular skeleton: bones that anchor muscles

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 12 Muscular System Responsible for both internal and external movement Can be striated, spindle shaped, or nonstriated, as determined by how they look under the microscope. Skeletal = voluntary Cardiac and Smooth = involuntary

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 13 Nervous System Provides communication lines for the different body systems: – Central nervous system – Peripheral nervous system – Autonomic nervous system

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 14 Respiratory System Maintains the body’s system to exchange gases

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 15 Urinary System Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 16 Digestive System System that helps the body absorb nutrients that the tissue cells need

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 17 Endocrine System Consists of glands that secrete hormones needed in the body Examples:thyroid pituitary pancreas ovary, testis adrenal glands kidneys

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 18 Reproductive System Specialized sex cells or gametes are produced by the gonads of both the male and female Gonads of the female (ovaries) produce the egg cells (ova). Gonads of the male (testes) produce the sperm.

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 19 Lymphatic System *drains protein-rich fluids from capillary beds Lymph Lymph nodes Lymph vessels Spleen Thymus gland Lymphoid tissue Intestines Tonsils

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 20

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 21 Functions of the Lymphatic System Lymph fluid is found between the blood in the capillaries and the tissue. Interstitial Fluid = fluid that has accumulated between cells and tissue Edema = the condition that results from accumulation of tissue fluid

Copyright © 2005 Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 22 Chapter 3 Vocabulary Review questions p , omit 3, 6, 10