Chapter 5 Blood Pressure and flow by Ibrhim AlMohimeed BMTS /11/2013

BMTS 3532 Introduction Circulatory system or Cardiovascular system  A body-wide network of blood, blood vessels, and lymph. Powered by the heart.  It is the body’s distribution system to organs with oxygen, hormones, and essential nutrients.  Helps fight diseases.  Maintains the normal body temperature.  Maintains the right chemical balance to provide the body’s homeostasis. 06/11/2013

BMTS 3533 Cardiovascular system Cardiovascular system Components:  Heart.  Arteries.  Veins.  Blood.  Capillaries 06/11/2013

BMTS 3534 Cont. Cardiovascular system There Two types of cardiovascular system:  Systemic circulation: the circulation of the blood to all parts of the body except the lungs.  Pulmonary circulation: the circulation of the blood to the lungs. The oxygen-depleted blood is pumped away from the heart, via the pulmonary artery, to the lungs and returned, oxygenated, to the heart via the pulmonary vein. 06/11/2013

BMTS 3535 Heart It is a hollow muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the network of arteries and veins. It has four chambers. Coronary arteries run along the surface of the heart and provide oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The average human heart beating rate is 72 per minute. Inlet and outlet valves in each ventricle ensure one-way blood flow. 06/11/2013

BMTS 3536 Heart Champers  Right Atrium (RA): receives blood from the veins and pumps it to the right ventricle.  Right Ventricle (RV): receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs, where it is loaded with oxygen.  Left Atrium (LA): receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the left ventricle.  Left Ventricle (LV): the strongest chamber that pumps oxygen-rich blood to the rest of the body. The left ventricle’s vigorous contractions create our blood pressure. 06/11/2013

BMTS 3537 Cont. Heart Champers 06/11/2013

BMTS 3538 Arteries 06/11/2013 blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. Strong and flexible. Have muscular walls. Bear the highest blood pressures. Help maintain blood pressure between beats. Adjust their diameter to increase or decrease blood flow to a particular area. Branches to smaller arteries and arterioles.

BMTS 3539 Veins 06/11/2013 blood vessels that carry blood toward from the heart. Thin-walled but generally larger in diameter than arteries. Carry same volume of blood, but at a lower speed. Has much less blood pressure.

BMTS Capillaries 06/11/2013 smallest of a body's blood vessels. Tiny, extremely thin-walled. Act as bridges between arteries and veins. Allow nutrients to pass from blood to tissues. Allow waste to pass from tissues into blood. Drain into venules, which drain into veins, which lead back to the heart

BMTS Capillaries 06/11/2013 smallest of a body's blood vessels. Tiny, extremely thin-walled. Act as bridges between arteries and veins. Allow nutrients to pass from blood to tissues. Allow waste to pass from tissues into blood. Drain into venules, which drain into veins, which lead back to the heart

BMTS Systole & diastole 06/11/2013 Systole : the contraction of the heart specifically the left ventricle. Diastole: is the period during which the heart is relaxing specifically the left ventricle.

End of the Chapter 06/11/2013BMTS 35313