The Scientific Revolution 1550-1800

The List Scientists Philosophers Economists Political Theorists Ptolemy Copernicus Brahe Kepler Galileo Newton Galen Andreas Vesalius William Harvey Robert Boyle Antoine Lavoisier Margaret Cavendish Maria Winkelmann Philosophers Rene Descartes Francis Bacon Economists Adam Smith Political Theorists Thomas Hobbes John Locke Montesquieu Voltaire Diderot Rousseau Culture Mary Wollstonecraft Madame Geoffrin John Wesley Bach Handel Haydn Mozart Henry Fielding Legal Strategists Cesare Beccaria

Terms Geocentricity Heliocentricity Ellipses Gravity Anatomy Circulatory System Chemistry Elements Philosophy Scientific Method Enlightenment Social Contract Natural Rights Separation of Powers Checks and Balances Freedom Laissez-Faire Economics Capital Punishment Socialism Methodism

Astronomical

Ptolemy Greek Astronomer Developed the Ptolemaic System Earth is the center of the universe (Geocentric view) Was he correct…?

Nicolaus Copernicus Polish astronomer and mathematician Copernican view Sun is the center of the universe (Heliocentric View) Was he correct…?

Tyco Brahe Danish Astronomer Mapped the movement of stars for over 20 years

Johannes Kepler Assisted Tycho Brahe Inherited Brahe’s charts after Brahe’s death Using Brahe’s data, Kepler argued that planets moved in elliptical orbits

Galileo Galilei Italian Astronomer/ Mathematician See pg. 296 Built the world's 1st telescope Began to prove the ideas of Copernicus Heliocentricity

Isaac Newton Principia Newton's First Law (also known as the Law of Inertia) states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest until acted upon by a net external force. Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force acting on the object and inversely proportional to its mass. Newton's Third Law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Explains gravity

Medical Advancements

Galen Ancient Greece Medical Physician Encouraged dissection Dissect animals to learn about human anatomy Anatomy

Andreas Vesalius Belgium Medical Physician On the Fabric of the Human Body More accurate depiction of human anatomy Actually dissected humans Anatomy

William Harvey Physician On the Motion of the Heart and Blood The heart pumps the blood through the body, not the liver

Chemistry, not Alchemy New science focused on rational thought vs. prior thoughts by the Catholic Church.

Robert Boyle England Chemistry The Skeptical Chymist Conducted Controlled Experiments Boyle's Law

Antoine Lavoisier Chemistry Father of Modern Chemistry Named 33 elements Ex #1…Oxygen Ex #2…Hydrogen Established the Metric System

Margaret Cavendish Great Britain Science Observations Upon Experimental Philosophy Humans have no power over nature Women’s Rights/ Feminism

Maria Winkelmann Germany Science/Astronomy Discovered a comet Women’s Rights/ Feminism

New Philosophy

Rene Descartes France Philosophy Discourse on Method "I think therefore I am“ Search for "Truth" Rationalism

Sir Francis Bacon Great Britain Philosophy Observation and ideas based on thorough investigation of the evidence Scientific Method

The Scientific Method Song: State the problem Make a prediction Experiment, Experiment Record Observations, Record Observations Form a conclusion, Form a conclusion *Sung to the tune of Fere Jacques

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