Histology Laboratories James D. Jamieson, MD/PhD Molecules to Systems 2003 Compiled by James D. Jamieson, MD/PhD Thomas L. Lentz, MD No part of this image collection may be distributed outside of the Yale University Intranet.

Acknowledgements Sources of Micrographs, Diagrams and Figures Alberts, B. et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th Edition, Garland Science, New York, 2002. Gartner, L. P. and Hiatt, J. L. Color Atlas of Histology, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1994. Kerr, J. B. Atlas of Functional Histology. Mosby, London, 1999. Kessel, R. G. and Kardon, R. H. Tissues and Organs: a text-atlas of scanning electron microscopy. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1979. Lentz, T. L. Cell Fine Structure. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1971. Lodish, H. et al. Molecular Cell Biology. W. H. Freeman, New York, 2000. Mizoguti, H. Color Slide Atlas of Histology. Nihon Shashin Shinbunsha, Tokyo. Young, B. and Heath, J. W. Wheater’s Functional Histology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 2000. Micrographs taken by George Palade, Marilyn Farquhar, James D. Jamieson, Nicolai Simionescu, Maya Simionescu, David Castle, Thomas L. Lentz. Web Resources http://info.med.yale.edu/webpath/webpath.htm Cushing Library Educational Software/Cell Biology/Several Histology Resources

Nervous System Laboratory

Spinal Cord

GM Dorsal root ganglia WM V root Spinal Cord; Transverse Section

Motor Neurons Ventral Horn Dendrite Nissl substance = RER Axon hillock

Sensory Ganglia Dorsal Root

Peripheral Nerves

Endoneurium Perineurium Epineurium Epineurium Epineurium Epineurium Myelinated Nerve: XS

Unmyelinated Nerve: XS

Axons Schwann cell nuclei Peripheral Nerve: LS

Myelin NR Axon Myelin Sheath: Node of Ranvier

A A Schwann cell cyto. Unmyelinated Axon; LS

Schwann cell nucleus A A Myelinated Axons

Cerebral Cortex

Cerebral cortex Cerebellum

Horizontal Section

GM WM Cerebral Cortex

Nerve cell body Axons Glial cells Grey Matter

Astrocytes Neuroglia

Cerebellum

Molecular layer Purkinje cell layer Granular layer Cerebellum

Cerebellum: Purkinje Cells ML Dendrites PC GL

Some pathology to think about.

Alzheimer’s Brain: Gross

Alzheimer’s Brain, H&E Do you see anything different in the cytoplasm of the neurons? What might this do to them?

Normal Brain Compared to Brain from Parkinson’s Patient, H&E Which section is from the normal brain and why do you conclude this?

Brain From Stroke Patient

Section from Brain of Stroke victim

The results of anoxia. Which cells are affected?

Brain from Infant with Tay-Sach’s Disease What organelles in these cells are defective and how does the morphology reflect this?

Cerebrum from Patient with Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease. Note “holes” in cortex resulting from prion amyloid deposits. Human form of “mad cow disease: bovine spongioform encephalopathy”.