Chapter 11 11.2 From DNA to Protein.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 11 11.2 From DNA to Protein

DNA can make RNA RNA = Ribonucleic Acid RNA Single strand that helps build protein

Differences DNA RNA Double stranded Sugar = Deoxyribose 4 Nitrogen Bases Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine RNA Single stranded Sugar = Ribose 4 Nitrogen Bases Adenine Guanine Cytosine URACIL (attaches to adenine

3 Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) Brings information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cell’s cytoplasm

3 Types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) Clamps onto mRNA to assemble amino acids in correct order

3 Types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) Transfers amino acids to ribosomes to be assembled into proteins

Types of RNA

Steps in Protein Synthesis 1. DNA sends out code 2. mRNA carries code to ribosome 3. tRNA pick up amino acids 4. tRNA carries amino acid to ribosome 5. force together to make protein

Transcription Results in the formation of one single stranded RNA (Transcription DNA makes RNA)

Codon Each set of three nitrogen bases in mRNA representing an amino acid is known as a codon.

Nitrogen base order in mRNA determines the type and order of amino acids in a protein. 64 possibilities