Human Computer Interaction Week 1 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction

Contacts Hartarto Junaedi, SKom., MKom. Hartarto.j@gmail.com

Syllabus Introduction to HCI Users User Interface Design Human-Computer Dialogue Interaction Devices and Input-Output Interaction Design Support Prototyping Evaluation Usability Concept Web Usability E-Commerce Site Design Information Search and Visualization Multimedia Interface Design Groupware and CSCW

Assessments Assignment: 30% Mid-Term Examination: 30% Final Examination: 40%

References Preece, J. et-al. 1994, Human-Computer Interaction, Addison-Wesley, Wokingham Dix, A, Finlay, J., Abowd, G. & Beale, R. 2004, Human-Computer Interaction, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, New York

Why HCI? The Changing Computing Environment In the 1950/60s Computing resources were expensive Computers operated by highly trained professionals In the 1990/2000s Computing resources are cheap Computers are operated by non-computer experts

Visibility and Affordance Two principles that help to ensure good HCI (Norman 1988, 1992): Visibility: Controls need to be visible, with good mapping with their effects. Affordance: Their design should also suggest (afford) their functionality.

History of HCI 1970’s: User Interface, or Man-Machine Interface (MMI) Those aspects of the system that the user comes in contact with. An input language for the user, an output language for the machine, and a protocol for interaction. 1990’s: HCI, with broader focus A discipline concerned with the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computer systems for human use and with the study of major phenomena surrounding them.

The Challenge of HCI The advances of technology brings two important challenges to HCI designers: How to keep abreast of changes in technology. How to ensure their design offers good HCI.

The Goals of HCI Increase individual & organizational productivity Reduce health hazards and improve safety Reduce costs associated with the development of user interfaces Usability is the main concept in HCI Usability is concerned with making systems safe, easy to learn and easy to use

HCI Milestones Xerox Dynabook (early 1970s): book-sized PC with a high resolution color display and a radio link to a world-wide computer network. Xerox Star (later 1970s): Personal Workstation, desk-sized, used by one individual. Apple Lisa (Early 1980s): Smaller, cheaper, and more powerful version, developed by Apple.

The Importance of HCI Example: Retrieving Information The total time it takes to retrieve a piece of information is the sum of (1) the time for the user to formulate the search, (2) the time it takes for the computer to find and display the information on the screen (3) the time it takes for the user to interpret the information displayed Improved search algorithms may yield 10% improvement in system performance Improved interfaces may yield 10 times improvement in user performance

Factors in HCI User Organizational Environment Health and Safety Comfort User Interface Task Constrains System Functionality Productivity

Supporting Disciplines in HCI Computer Science Psychology Software Engineering Ergonomics Cognitive Science Artificial Intelligence Social Science

Designing HCI User Centered Involve users as much as possible Integrate knowledge and expertise from different disciplines Highly Iterative The design does indeed meet users’ requirements

Further Reading Preece, chapter 1, 2