ASCA Performance Based Measures System Training Performance Standards, Measures, and Key Indicators ASCA 1

PBMS Hierarchy PBMS is a hierarchical typology of performance standards, measures, and key indicators of critical practices that was designed to translate the missions and goals of correctional agencies into a set of measurable outcomes. ASCA 2

PBMS Hierarchy PERFORMANCE STANDARDS represent the goals and objectives viewed as critical to determining the quality and effectiveness of correctional operations and/or program performance. 3

PBMS Hierarchy Current PBMS Performance Standards: I.Contextual Information II.Public Safety III.Institutional Safety IV.Substance Abuse V.Mental Health VI.Justice VII.Education VIII.Health 4

PBMS Hierarchy Performance Standards Currently Being Developed: IX.Fiscal X.Personnel 5

PBMS Hierarchy Measures identify the various topic areas included within a standard. For example, under the Performance Standard of public safety, the Measures are Escapes and Recidivism. 6

PBMS Hierarchy Key indicators have been specified for each measure. Key indicators represent specific data or outcome indicators that are to be collected. 7

PBMS Hierarchy Key indicators for the Performance Standard Public Safety measure escapes are: II.1.1 Escapes from a Secure DOC Facility II.1.2 Escapes from a Secure non-DOC facility II.1.3 Escapes from Outside a Secure DOC Facility II.1.4 Unauthorized Absence from a Facility without a Secure Perimeter 8

PBMS Hierarchy Counting rules Counting rules standardize how the data are to be collected for each key indicator. Each key indicator is reported as a rate adjusted for the number of inmates held by a particular department or facility in a given month. 9

PBMS Hierarchy Numerator For each Key Indicator, the Counting Rules specify the rules for the Numerator and Denominator. For example: Numerator - represents who or what is counted for the key indicator, i.e., # of inmates who escaped from a secure facility. Denominator - is the base for calculating the rate per 1,000 inmates, i.e., # of inmates in the custody of the facility in a given month. 10

PBMS Counting Rules Key Indicator of Public Safety - Facility Level II.1.1 Escapes from a Secure DOC Facility. II.1.1 (numerator). Number of inmates in custody who are housed in a given secure facility (an institution with a defined perimeter security) who escaped from that facility during a given month. II.1.2 (denominator). Number of inmates held in that facility on the last day of the month. 11

Unified and Jail System Considerations Average Length of Sentence: Compute only for sentenced offenders -- large # of cases for which no data are reported. Crime Distribution: Conviction for sentenced inmates - offense categories: Part 1 Violent Crime, Other Violent Crime, Property, Drug offense, Public Order Offense, Other Crime, and Pre-trial offender. If sentenced and pending - charge with longest sentence; if two of equal length, rank by order of charges listed above. 12

Unified and Jail System Considerations Admission Status: New Conviction Technical Violation (with New Sentence) Technical Violation (with No New Sentence) Pre-trial - offenders held awaiting trial for new charge/ commitment, hold for other jurisdiction/state, probation violator awaiting hearing, bail violator, failure to pay costs/fine, contempt of court, hold for immigration, fugitive from justice, or failure to appear. Recidivism - Report for only sentenced population committed to the DOC, i.e., state or federal sentenced inmates. 13

Unified and Jail System Considerations Inmates Housed/Custody of Agency: Includes pretrial detainees, offenders held for warrants, etc. EXCLUDES - offenders released on bail, ROR, Pretrial Supervised Release, House Arrest, EM, etc. 14

Unified and Jail System Considerations Average Length of Stay: Sentenced Offenders - report in years Pretrial offenders - report in days with 2 decimal points. Compute by releases, not individuals, many will have multiple admissions and releases per year; Releases status - complete sentence, released on parole, conditional release, bail, split sentences. (Bail is not a temporary release.) Include only the time the offender was in pre-trial status, if they were sentenced, the time served would be included in the computation of the average length of stay of sentenced inmates. Time served by probation violators prior to their revocation /re- sentencing should be included in the computation of the Average Length of Stay for Pre-trial Offenders, however if they are sentenced, the time served would be counted within the average length of stay of sentenced inmates. 15

Unified and Jail System Considerations VI Notification - includes offenders admitted for pending charges (new conviction, technical violation of probation or parole, technical violation with new sentence, detainer/hold, safe keepers, evaluation, etc.) 16

Frequent Counting Rule Questions In-House Count (I.1.1) -- Characteristic AND Denominator: Number of inmates in facilities operated by the DOC on the last day of a given month. Includes: Inter-state compact cases; “Safe keepers” i.e., for an evaluation/diagnostic assessment; Courtesy for a local facility or law enforcement agency; Offenders with detainers, pending charges, etc.; EXCLUDES: Inmates housed in other states’ correctional facilities, facilities not operated by the DOC, or parolees; and Warning --- Discrepancies between the in-house count and # inmate characteristics that you provided. 17

Frequent Counting Rule Questions I.1.5 Crime Distribution Among Inmates -- For specific categories for offenses, see Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2004) Uniform Crime Reporting Handbook (revised edition). Clarksburg, WV: Federal Bureau of Investigation, (Available on ASCA website (under PBMS tab).) I Operational Capacity – Operational capacity should not include DOC facilities/beds operated/managed by a third person contract. Future: Private vendors/facilities with mixture of inmates from different jurisdictions will input data into PBMS directly. PBMS looks at the performance of the DOC, not the behavior of your inmates. Goal is not to account for each inmate committed to the DOC, but the facilities that the DOC operates. Discipline, investigative, holding beds, and infirmary beds are for temporary/special purposes. Do not count as capacity as they are not regular housing. When the special purposes do not apply, they are not occupied. 18

Frequent Counting Rule Questions III.10.2 Random Cell Searches -- ALL INMATES MUST HAVE EQUAL PROBABLITY OF SEARCH. Exclude SHAKE DOWNS for cause or mandated by policy. 19

PBMS Counting Rules Returns to Prison--Agency Level Key Indicators of Public Safety: II.2.1 Recidivism – CY New Convictions within 36 months II.2.2 Recidivism – CY Technical Violations within 36 months II.2.3 Recidivism – CY Overall Recidivism Rate within 36 months II.2.4 Recidivism – CY New Convictions within 24 months II.2.5 Recidivism – CY Technical Violations within 24 months II.2.6 Recidivism – CY Overall Recidivism Rate within 24 months II.2.7 Recidivism – CY New Convictions within 12 months II.2.8 Recidivism – CY Technical Violations within 12 months II.2.9 Recidivism – CY Overall Recidivism Rate within months 20

PBMS Counting Rules Key Indicator II.2.1 Recidivism – CY New Convictions within 36 months: Number of inmates released from the DOC during the calendar year (e.g., CY 2005) for which recidivism is calculated who returned to a DOC prison system for a new conviction within 36 months after release divided by the number of individuals released during the calendar year and computed as a rate per 1,000. In short, the number of inmates who were released during CY 2005, for example, who were returned to prison for a new conviction during 2005, 2006, 2007, or 2008, but within 36 months of release. 21

PBMS Counting Rules Key Indicator II.2.2 Recidivism – CY Technical Violations within 36 months: Number of inmates released from the DOC during the calendar year (e.g., CY 2005) for which recidivism is calculated who returned to a DOC prison system for technical violation within 36 months after release divided by the number of individuals released during the calendar year and computed as a rate per 1,000. In short, the number of inmates who were released during CY 2005, for example, who were returned to prison for a technical violation during 2005, 2006, 2007, or 2008 but within 36 months of release. 22

PBMS Counting Rules Key Indicator II.2.3 Recidivism – CY Overall Recidivism Rate within 36 months: Number of inmates released from the DOC during the calendar year (e.g., CY 2005) for which recidivism is calculated who returned to a DOC prison system for new conviction or technical violation within 36 months after release divided by the number of individuals released during the calendar year and computed as a rate per 1,000. In short, the number of inmates who were released during CY 2005, for example, who were returned to prison for a new conviction or technical violation during 2005, 2006, 2007, or 2008, but within 36 months of release. 23

Recidivism: 36-month Rate In March, 2009, each DOC enters into PBMS the total number of returnees during 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008 within 36-months of release to calculate recidivism rates for individuals released during 2005: Total # of returns ( ); Total # of technical violations ( ); and Total # of new convictions ( ). Denominator: Total # of prisoners released during

PBMS Counting Rules II.2.1,2,&3 (denominator). Number of inmates released during the calendar year that the recidivist was released. Counting rules: Include only those inmates who have completed their sentences, are released on parole, have received a conditional release, or are released on a split prison-probation sentence. Do not include temporary releases (e.g., inmates furloughed). To be counted the person must no longer be considered an inmate or in a total confinement status, except for those released from prison on a split prison-probation sentence. Include only those inmates released to the community. Exclude from the count inmates who died, who were transferred to another jurisdiction, or who escaped, absconded or were AWOL. Exclude all administrative releases (including inmates with detainers) AND pre-trial status releases. 25

Recidivism: 24-month Rate In March, 2009, each DOC enters into PBMS the total number of returnees during 2006, 2007 and 2008 within 24-months of release to calculate recidivism rates for individuals released during 2006: Total # of prisoners released during 2006 (denominator); Total # of returns ( ); Total # of technical violations ( ); and Total # of new convictions ( ). 26

Recidivism: 12-month Rate In March, 2009, each DOC enters into PBMS the total number of returnees during 2007 and 2008 within 12 months of release to calculate recidivism rates for individuals released during 2007: Total # of prisoners released during 2007 (denominator); Total # of returns ( ); Total # of technical violations ( ); and Total # of new conviction ( ). 27

Recidivism Data Entry In March 2009, each DOC enters into the PBMS the number of returnees exactly as it did in 2008 by advancing the data entry by one year: 2005 releasees produce a 36-month rate; 2006 releasees produce a 24-month rate; and 2007 releasees produce a 12-month rate. 28