THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT Don’t worry about section 2 of this chapter (1890 - 1920) Don’t worry about section 2 of this chapter

15.1 - THE ROOTS/ORIGINS OF PROGRESSIVISM What was Progressivism? collection of ideas and activities striving to improve various aspects of American society such as… Working conditions Women's’ rights Children's’ rights poverty

15.1 - THE ROOTS PROGRESSIVISM Who were the Progressives? Unhappy with socioeconomic results of industrialism and urbanization Belonged to both parties (Democrats and Republicans) Mostly urban, educated, middle-class Most thought gov’t should be more active and involved Gov’t itself needed fixing Strong faith in science and technology (similarities with today?)

MUCKRAKERS Journalists, photographers who investigated social conditions and political corruption Corporations, beef industry, political machines, poverty, dangerous working conditions Show clip from 20th Century Turning Points in U.S. History (14,000 miners go on strike - 3 mins) Show clip from The 20th Century: A Moving Visual History – The Worst of Times – 5 mins) They brought a lot of attention to problems people wanted fixed Show clip from 20th Century Turning Points in U.S. History (1906 – Upton Sinclair – 3 mins)

FAMOUS MUCKRAKERS Jacob Riis - pictures Ida Tarbell Lincoln Steffens Upton Sinclair - video

Direct Primary, Initiative, Referendum, Recall REFORMING GOVERNMENT T A Y L O R Direct Primary, Initiative, Referendum, Recall Making gov’t more efficient Direct election of Senators

SUFFRAGE (the right to vote) Elizabeth Cady Stanton calls for it in 1848 Early supporters were called immoral, unfeminine…. 14th and 15th Amendments For African-Americans, not women National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) Created in 1890 to push for women’s suffrage 19th Amendment (1919/1920); finally gave women the right to vote Show clip from The 20th Century: A Moving Visual History – The Struggle for Suffrage– 4 mins) Carrie Chapman Catt Elizabeth Cady Stanton

REFORMING SOCIETY Health Child Labor & Safety Codes Big Business Prohibition

REFORMING SOCIETY – POSTERS use pages 526-527 TITLE – copy the read heading on page 526 or 527 Summarize (2-3 sentences) what had people upset about your issue/topic (give at least 1 specific example of an accident, crime…..) Describe 1 person or group involved in trying to get changes made Were any laws passed to deal with this issue? If yes, what were they and what did they do? Include 2 pictures related to your topic and be prepared to explain what they are

15.2 – ROOSEVELT & TAFT Theodore Roosevelt (R) President from 1901 – 1909 Took office after the assassination of McKinley FP – he was a Social Darwinist DP – he was a Progressive (Square Deal) He greatly increased the role/power of the presidency

15.2 – ROOSEVELT & TAFT William Howard Taft (R) President from 1909 – 1913 Pursued tariff reform, continued conservation policies Policies angered many Progressives (sold Square Deal down the river?) Successes included going after monopolies, child labor reform

15.2 POSTERS TR Takes on Trusts Coal Strike of 1902 Regulating Big Business Consumer Protection Conservation Roosevelt’s Legacy Payne-Aldrich Tariff Ballinger v. Pinchot Taft’s Achievements

PROHIBITION VIDEOS A nation of drunkards - 6mins Anti Saloon league – 8mins The Good Bootlegger – 6mins Beer Wars/Capone – 5mins Georgetown Bootlegging – 2mins Speakeasies

15.3 – WILSON YEARS Election of 1912 Woodrow Wilson Theodore Roosevelt Democratic Party Theodore Roosevelt Progressive Party William Taft Republican Party and current President Wilson Roosevelt Taft

WILSON v. ROOSEVELET WILSON ROOSEVELT He was very critical of monopolies and trusts; they should be destroyed and not regulated He believed Roosevelt would give the federal government too much power New Freedom – the name of his program/plan to govern He accepted the existence of large trusts/monopolies but wanted to regulate them more Wanted legislation to protect women and children Supported worker’s compensation New Nationalism – the name of his program/plan to govern

ELECTION OF 1912 Republican voters were split between Roosevelt and Taft (why?) Wilson won the election with 435 electoral votes but only 42% of the popular vote How is this possible? – see the map on page 537

WILSON’S REFORMS TARIFFS Underwood Tariff Act of 1913 Reduced tariffs by 30% on imported goods Allowed for an income tax (16th Amendment) Show clip from 20th Century Turning Points in U.S. History (16th Amendment allows… - 3 mins) Tariff - a tax on an imported good Why did Wilson think lowering tariffs was a good idea?

WILSON’S REFORMS BANKS Banks sometimes closed/collapsed and people lost their money; Wilson wanted to restore people’s confidence in banks Federal Reserve Act of 1913 Created 12 regional banks to be supervised by a Board of Governors Allowed for a more secure banking system Incredibly important piece of legislation!!!!! See page 538 for important information about the Federal Reserve (Fed)

WILSON’S REFORMS ANTITRUST ACTION What is a trust? Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Given the power to investigate companies to limit unfair practices by businesses Created by Congress at Wilson’s request Clayton Antitrust Act Outlawed certain business practices Retailers couldn’t be by a company to stop selling a competitor’s goods Price discrimination Passed by Congress because they didn’t think Wilson had done enough

WILSON’S REFORMS REGULATING BUSINESS Keating-Own Child Labor Act First federal law to regulate child labor Prohibited the employment of children under 14 in certain factories Law was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court Why was the law still important?

THE LIMITS OF PROGRESSIVISM Read page 541 and list 3 areas in which the Progressive movement “failed”