The Punic Wars Ancient Rome. First Punic War Began with a dispute over Sicily (Port of Messina)Began with a dispute over Sicily (Port of Messina) Strengths.

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Presentation transcript:

The Punic Wars Ancient Rome

First Punic War Began with a dispute over Sicily (Port of Messina)Began with a dispute over Sicily (Port of Messina) Strengths at war:Strengths at war: Carthage was superior fighting at seaCarthage was superior fighting at sea Rome was superior fighting on landRome was superior fighting on land Rome used grappling hooks to pull in ships and fight “on land”Rome used grappling hooks to pull in ships and fight “on land” Rome takes control of Sicily and is ready to attack CarthageRome takes control of Sicily and is ready to attack Carthage

First Punic War

In Between the Wars Hamilcar BarcaHamilcar Barca Leader of Carthage troops (mercenaries) during the first Punic WarLeader of Carthage troops (mercenaries) during the first Punic War Held a grudge against both Carthage and RomeHeld a grudge against both Carthage and Rome Carthage because they didn’t pay his troopsCarthage because they didn’t pay his troops Rome because they defeated him in warRome because they defeated him in war Gathers another mercenary army and takes them to Spain (unbeknownst to Carthage)Gathers another mercenary army and takes them to Spain (unbeknownst to Carthage)

In Between Wars Makes his son Hannibal promise never to be a friend to RomeMakes his son Hannibal promise never to be a friend to Rome Hannibal attacks Saguntum  Rome does nothing for their ally!Hannibal attacks Saguntum  Rome does nothing for their ally! Rome sent a delegation to CarthageRome sent a delegation to Carthage The Carthaginian senate gave Rome a choice  war or peaceThe Carthaginian senate gave Rome a choice  war or peace The leader of the Roman delegation declared war!The leader of the Roman delegation declared war! And so begins the unnecessary Second Punic War (Oh Rome, you war loving people..)And so begins the unnecessary Second Punic War (Oh Rome, you war loving people..)

Beginning of the Second Punic War

Hannibal Invades Italy

Hannibal Kicks Butt Leads his army from Spain, through southern France and the Alps, and invades Italy from the northLeads his army from Spain, through southern France and the Alps, and invades Italy from the north Defeats Roman armies sent to stop him several times but hesitates to attack Rome itselfDefeats Roman armies sent to stop him several times but hesitates to attack Rome itself Sees Rome as too well fortifiedSees Rome as too well fortified Settles instead on war of attrition in hope of destroying Roman economic baseSettles instead on war of attrition in hope of destroying Roman economic base HANNIBAL AD PORTAS!!

Scipio to the Rescue Rome is unable to defeat Hannibal in Italy Rome is unable to defeat Hannibal in Italy  So…patrician general Scipio Aemilius Africanus sailed a Roman army across the Mediterranean, landed in North Africa, and headed for Carthage!So…patrician general Scipio Aemilius Africanus sailed a Roman army across the Mediterranean, landed in North Africa, and headed for Carthage! Hannibal forced to leave Italy to protect CarthageHannibal forced to leave Italy to protect Carthage Carthage is defeated at the Battle of Zama, fought outside the walls of CarthageCarthage is defeated at the Battle of Zama, fought outside the walls of Carthage

Rome is Victorious! Carthaginians gave up their land in SpainCarthaginians gave up their land in Spain Handed over their warshipsHanded over their warships Agreed to another loss to RomeAgreed to another loss to Rome The terms were meant to cripple Carthage and never allow them to challenge Rome againThe terms were meant to cripple Carthage and never allow them to challenge Rome again

Roman Territory at the end of the 2 nd Punic war

Here We Go Again… 50 years of peace between Rome and Carthage50 years of peace between Rome and Carthage Carthage has regained prosperity but is no threat to RomeCarthage has regained prosperity but is no threat to Rome Basically, Rome wanted Carthage gone off the face of the EarthBasically, Rome wanted Carthage gone off the face of the Earth This hatred for Carthage was headed by Cato, a Roman senatorThis hatred for Carthage was headed by Cato, a Roman senator “Carthago delenda est”“Carthago delenda est”

Third Punic War 146 BCE Rome burns Carthage146 BCE Rome burns Carthage Sells the living population into slaverySells the living population into slavery Sowed the soil with salt so no crops could growSowed the soil with salt so no crops could grow Rome is now in total control of the MediterraneanRome is now in total control of the Mediterranean

End of the Punic Wars

By the Death of Julius Caesar